Important optical properties of discrete pairs of DNA tethered gold nanoparticles, including their scattering cross-section and resonance wavelength, depend both on the dimer structure and the refractive index of their immediate environment. We show that far-field polarization microscopy aids the optical identification and interpretation of structural changes including hinge motions and nanosca...

Separation of certain bacteria from liquids is important in the food, water quality management, bioengineering, and pharmaceutical industries. In this study, we developed a microfluidic device for the hydrodynamic separation of motile bacteria (Escherichia coli) using drift velocity. We first investigated drift tendencies of bacteria and found that cells tended to move in a spanwise direction w...

A Hysys model representing the steady state behaviour of a Haber-Bosch ammonia plant was developed based on a dynamic model and plant data from Norwegian fertiliser company Yara International ASA. The plant model was optimised using matlabs fmincon function with an interior-point method for economical optimisation with the aim to study the performance of different strategies. The Haber-Bosch am...

INTRODUCTION Software development has become a more complex activity over the last years. Clients have been increasingly demanding higher productivity, better software quality and shorter time to market. Additional strain results from new common requirements such as distribution and concurrent access. These and other non-functional aspects complicate implementation, test and maintenance activit...

There is no theoretical reason to think that the spin-flip component of the Pomeron is zero. One can measure the spin-flip part using Coulomb-nuclear interference (CNI). Perturbative QCD calculations show that the spin-flip component is sensitive to the smallest quark separation in the proton, while the non-flip part probes the largest separation. According to HERA results on the proton structu...

At transitional Reynolds numbers, the laminar boundary layer separation and possible reattachment on a smooth airfoil, or wing section, are notoriously sensitive to small variations in geometry or in the fluid environment. We report here on the results of a pilot study that adds to this list of sensitivities. The presence of small holes in the suction surface of an Eppler 387 wing has a transfo...

The high nominal luminosity of the LHC requires a large number of bunches spaced by about 7.5 m. To prevent more than one head-on collision in each interaction region, a crossing angle of 0.285 mrad is necessary. A side effect of this crossing angle is the increase of the effective transverse beam cross-section, thereby decreasing the luminosity by some 16%. For the LHC luminosity upgrade, depe...

The shell-model properties of proton halo states in proton-rich 1sOd shell nuclei are investigated. The most interesting cases appear to be those in 26327P and 27S. The parallel-momentum distributions of core fragments from proton stripping reactions may provide experimental insight into the structure of the halo states and the role played by the reaction mechanism. The “generalized Coulomb shi...

1 The Main Result A rst-order incremental evaluation system (foies) uses rst-order queries to maintain a database view which is deened by a non-rst-order query; some auxiliary relations (views) may also need to be maintained similarly. In 7] it was shown that using (k?1)-ary auxiliary relations is strictly less powerful than using k-ary ones, using a reduction to a result by Cai 3] on help bits...

This thesis describes the feasibility of utilizing an electric field for separation of charged species through a membrane. This forms the central theme in all chapters. The membranes can be regarded as an interconnect between two separate liquids. By applying an external electric field over the interconnect it is possible to transport charged species from one liquid to the other. In this chapte...