Abstract Why did Putin decide to invade Ukraine in 2022? Structural realists regard it as a preventive war with strategic rationale response NATO's eastward expansion. However, many scholars suggest, Putin's decision-making is riddled various irrationalities, which can be better framed overbalancing and the classical realist concept of ‘hubris’. Lawrence Freedman others argue that key explainin...

This paper explores three deception techniques which are widely used in political and product marketing. These techniques are ‘deception by omission’, ‘deception by saturation’ and the use of ‘deception by spin’. These techniques are newly analysed in the framework of the four canonical strategies of Information Warfare and Shannon’s capacity and entropy theorems, and their respective strength...

At a recent conference at which we were participants (the 1996 Amsterdam Workshop on Experimental Economics) one recurrent theme at a number of sessions was the issue of deception in economics experiments. Not withstanding some heated exchanges, it seemed clear that the predominant view among the participants was that deception in an experiment should be avoided. In the present paper Bonetti ch...