It is a persistent challenge to achieve a high quality of data in data warehouses. Data cleaning is a crucial task for such a challenge. To deal with this challenge, a set of methods and tools has been developed. However, there are still at least two questions needed to be answered: How to improve the efficiency while performing data cleaning? How to improve the degree of automation when perfor...

The data cleaning is the process of identifying and removing the errors in the data warehouse. Data cleaning is very important in data mining process. Most of the organizations are in the need of quality data. The quality of the data needs to be improved in the data warehouse before the mining process. The framework available for data cleaning offers the fundamental services for data cleaning s...

BACKGROUND An ultraviolet visible marker (UVM) was used to assess the cleaning compliance of housekeeping staff for toilets in a tertiary healthcare setting. METHODS The UVM was applied to the toilets of patients who were on isolation precautions due to Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD) as well as for patients who were not on isolation precautions. Cleaning was visually scored ...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of cleaning procedures for air-abraded zirconia after contamination with two silicone disclosing agents. Air-abraded zirconia ceramic specimens (IPS e.max ZirCAD) were contaminated with either GC Fit Checker white or GC Fit Checker II. Untreated zirconia specimens were used as control. Afterwards the surfaces were cleaned either with water...

Although cleaners represent a significant part of the working population worldwide, they remain a relatively understudied occupational group. Epidemiological studies have shown an association between cleaning work and asthma, but the risk factors are uncertain. Cleaning workers are exposed to a large variety of cleaning products containing both irritants and sensitizers, as well as to common in...

[1] A down-core comparison of two commonly applied foraminiferal cleaning procedures for Mg/Ca paleothermometry has been conducted using well-preserved Globigerinoides ruber white (250–300 mm) from core material deposited under varying terrigenous-input and bottom water conditions. This study demonstrates that in the majority of investigated core materials, both cleaning methods yield fairly co...

Wet work is the main cause of occupational contact dermatitis in the cleaning industry. Dermatologists and occupational physicians need to base their primary and secondary prevention for workers in the cleaning industry on the characteristics of wet work exposures. We quantified the burden of wet work in professional office cleaning activities with a continuous standardized observation by train...

The vast majority of dry cleaners worldwide use the toxic chemical perchloroethylene (PCE), which is associated with a number of adverse health and environmental impacts. Professional wet cleaning was developed as a nontoxic alternative to PCE dry cleaning but has not been widely adopted as substitute technology. In the greater Los Angeles, CA, region, a demonstration project was set up to show...

Two new methods for the laser cleaning using a Q-swihed Nd:YAG laser have been developed and investigated. These offer increased efficiency and reduction in possible substrate damage for a wide range of substrate/encrustation combinations. In angular laser cleaning, it is shown that by controlling the angle of incidence of the cleaning laser, significant improvement in the efficiency of cleanin...

The manufacturing industry today uses many kinds of chemicals in its cleaning processes. The industrial cleaners often contain some sort of degreasing chemical to clean parts and components before the main processes, for instance assembly or surface treatment. These types of cleaning methods are often expensive and involve hazardous handling of chemicals in manufacturing, as well as in the tran...