A series of N-methyl/acetyl 5-(un)-substituted isatin-3-semicarbazones were screened for anticonvulsant and sedative-hypnotic activities. The results revealed that protection was obtained in all the screens i.e., Maximal electroshock, (MES) subcutaneous pentylene tetrazole (scPTZ) and subcutaneous strychnine (scSTY) screens. Three compounds (5a, 5e and 5i) possessed anti-MES activity and all th...

Objective: Rosa damascena mill L (R. damascena) is an ornamental plant that has several therapeutic (such as sedative and hypnotic) effects. It also heals depression, grief, nervous stress and tension. In the present study we evaluated antidepressant-like effect of R. damascena using forced swimming test (FST). Material and Methods: Three doses of aqueous extract (15, 60 and 90 mg/kg) was inje...

Chloral hydrate (CH) is a short-term sedative and hypnotic normally given to children as a syrup to assist with sleep and alleviate anxiety prior to painful dental or medical procedures which entail the patient to be still (e.g. scans and EEGs) [1, 2]. However, when given orally, it exhibits a bitter taste and the most common adverse reaction shown is gastric irritation. Moreover, the onset of ...

Numerous "antihistamines" as well as various psychotropic medications with antihistamine properties are widely utilized to treat insomnia. Over-the-counter sleep aids usually contain an antihistamine and various antidepressants and antipsychotics with antihistamine properties have sedative-hypnotic actions. Although widely used for the treatment of insomnia, many agents that block the histamine...

Major uses Chloral hydrate (synthesized in 1832 and introduced into medicine 1869) is the oldest member of sedative-hypnotic drugs. To the same group belong paraldehyde, bromide, urethane, and sulfonal. Metabolite of chloral hydrate, trichloroethanol, is also an excellent hypnotic agent, but is not often used as such due to its physical and irritant properties. At present, chloral hydrate is la...

Being the de facto primary healthcare contacts in rural Bangladesh, retail pharmacy shops (RPSs) influence medication usage by people. Therefore, identifying dispensing activities of RPSs can be a key indicator medicine use. The aim current study is to explore drug practice pharmacists areas Gazipur district. A cross-sectional was designed find out analgesic, antipyretic, Gastro Esophageal Refl...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Alcohol produces its behavioural effects in part due to inhibition of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in the CNS. Previous studies have identified amino acid residues in membrane-associated domains 3 (M3) and 4 (M4) of the NMDA receptor that influence ethanol sensitivity. In addition, in other alcohol-sensitive ion channels, sedative-hypnotic agents have in some cas...

BACKGROUND Research in the area of herbal psychopharmacology has clearly improved in recent decades. Self-administration of herbal medicines has been the most popular therapeutic alternative to standard medicine. OBJECTIVES Since the extract of Echium amoenum exhibits an anxiolytic effect, the aim of this study is to evaluate the anxiolytic and hypnotic effects in mice of the aqueous and etha...

BACKGROUND Buprenorphine, a partial μ-opioid receptor agonist and κ-opioid receptor antagonist, is an effective analgesic. The effects of buprenorphine on sleep have not been well characterized. This study tested the hypothesis that an antinociceptive dose of buprenorphine decreases sleep and decreases adenosine concentrations in regions of the basal forebrain and pontine brainstem that regulat...