in the current attempt, the relation between precipitation change in southern coasts of iran and sea level pressure data of ncep / ncar database were investigated through correlation method using environment to circulation approach in the period of 1960-2004. after calculating the correlation matrix between the percipitation amount and pressure, the precipitation-pressure correlation map for ea...

The Serious Leisure Perspective (SLP) divides leisure activity into three forms: serious, casual and project-based, each with a number of distinguishing qualities, rewards, costs benefits. It is presented by its creator, Robert Stebbins, as both classification system theoretical framework. In early history, it was seen micro-level, or at most meso-level, construct concerned the behaviour indivi...

The satellite record since 1979 shows downward trends in Arctic sea ice extent in all months, which are smallest in winter and largest in September. Previous studies have linked changes in winter atmospheric circulation, anomalously cold extremes and large snowfalls in mid-latitudes to rapid decline of Arctic sea ice in the preceding autumn. Using observational analyses, we show that the winter...

PURPOSE To evaluate changes in retinal nerve fiber layer thickness as measured by scanning laser polarimetry (SLP) after the use of medication to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) in glaucomatous or ocular hypertensive patients. METHODS The authors prospectively enrolled 37 eyes of 37 patients in whom IOP was reduced by more than 25% after the use of medication. The images were obtained befor...

Barometric pressure, surface temperature, and wind time series in the eastern equatorial Pacific are analyzed to determine if oceanic tropical instability wave (TIW) sea surface temperature variations cause barometric pressure gradients large enough to influence the atmospheric boundary layer. During the study period from April 2001 to September 2002, 11 TIWs propagated westward past 110!W, cau...

Using the self-organizing maps (SOM) method, we ranked and compared simulation results of atmospheric circulation precipitation for 32 global climate models (GCMs) in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) over China, found that ranking GCM’s ability to simulate frequency sea level pressure (SLP) weather patterns (WPs) was not correlated with its annual WPs. Then, attributed diff...

The study of ocean bottom pressure (OBP) is useful for understanding the variability that contributes to sea level change. Previous studies have reported strong OBP anomalies in Southern Ocean on different timescales. In this study, characteristic and mechanisms energetic interannual southeastern Pacific are examined using 14 years Gravity Recovery Climate Experiment (GRACE) data. It found posi...

Large scale patterns of ecologically relevant traits may help identify drivers of their variability and conditions beneficial or adverse to the expression of these traits. Antimicrofouling defenses in scleractinian corals regulate the establishment of the associated biofilm as well as the risks of infection. The Saudi Arabian Red Sea coast features a pronounced thermal and nutritional gradient ...