To help resolve the mechanistic bases for haematological adaptations (,28% increase in red blood cell volume) of equids to high altitude (3800 m, barometric pressure Pb, 487 mm Hg) and exercise, plasma erythropoietin concentration ([EPO]) was measured at rest and following exercise in six, moderately fit equids (four Arabians, one Quarter Horse and one Shetland Pony; four females and two males;...

The relationship between precipitation and large-scale measures of atmospheric circulation has received much attention in recent years (e.g. Bardossy & Caspary, 1990; Bardossy & Plate, 1992; Hughes et al., 1993; Woolhiser et al., 1993; Katz & Parlange, 1993). Some of the interest relates to quantifying the possible change in atmospheric circulation within the past two decades, with associated c...

The overall goal of this research is to improve the accuracy and usefulness of wind retrievals from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery of the sea surface under and near the centers of tropical cyclones (TCs). SAR provides unique high resolution (even sub-km-scale) imagery of the ocean surface roughness underneath TCs. However, the standard methods for interpreting this information in terms ...

introduction the dynamic state index (dsi) is being introduced on the basis of a newly developed theory termed the energy-vorticity theory (evt). as a weather index, the dsi can describe the temporal sequence and intensity of areas of high and low pressure; but as a climate index, it can also diagnose climate change based on the variation in solar radiation or the influences of friction. in phy...

one of the most important atmospheric systems in the eurasian continent during the northern hemisphere winter season is the siberian high pressure. in this study, using the ncep/ncar reanalysis data for winters of 1948-2008, trend of changes in the intensity of the high system center and its effects on some meteorological fields are investigated. the results show that the 2m height mean tempera...

Observed surface temperature trends over recent decades are characterized by (a) intensified warming in the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool and slight cooling eastern equatorial Pacific, consistent with Walker circulation strengthening, (b) Southern Ocean cooling. In contrast, state-of-the-art coupled climate models generally project enhanced weakening, warming. Here we investigate ability of 16 model l...