Objectives. To determine the existence and extent of ethnic differences in 2D or 3D fetal frontomaxillary facial angle (FMFA) measurements. Methods. During routine 11-14 weeks nuchal translucency screening undertaken in a private ultrasound practice in Sydney, Australia, 2D images and 3D volumes of the fetal profile were collected from consenting patients. FMFA was measured on a frozen 2D ultra...

Diffusion of many successful communication technologies, like telephony and television technology, follows an almost perfect S-shaped curve. This curve implies that, after their introduction, subsequent sales of products on the basis of these technologies can be predicted accurately. However, the diffusion of other breakthroughs in communication technologies, like interactive television, videot...

HIV testing services (HTS) are an essential component of a national response to the HIV epidemic, and in lower and middle income countries, at least 150 million persons are tested annually. HIV testing is necessary to identify persons in need of antiretroviral treatment, which has been documented to be highly effective not only for treatment but also for prevention of HIV transmission to both a...

We compared estimated costs of retesting human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive persons before antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation to the costs of ART provision to misdiagnosed HIV-negative persons. Savings from averted unnecessary ART costs were greater than retesting costs within 1 year using assumptions representative of HIV testing performance in programmatic settings. Countries sh...

Detection of flicker sources is the first step to mitigate the effect of flicker in power system. In this paper, in order to reduce the number of measurement devices, instantaneous voltages are estimated by using state estimation methods and then root mean square of the voltages and currents variation are detected and then sign of flicker powers is obtained in selected branches. By comparing th...

Mental rotation is the capacity to predict the orientation of an object or the layout of a scene after a change in viewpoint. Previous studies have shown that the cognitive cost of mental rotations is reduced when the viewpoint change results from the observer’s motion rather than the object or spatial layout’s rotation. The classical interpretation for these findings involves the use of automa...

In the first part of the paper we generalize a descent technique due to Harish-Chandra to the case of a reductive group acting on a smooth affine variety both defined over an arbitrary local field F of characteristic zero. Our main tool is the Luna Slice Theorem. In the second part of the paper we apply this technique to symmetric pairs. In particular we prove that the pairs (GLn+k(F ),GLn(F ) ...

OBJECTIVES The 2008 UK National Guidelines for HIV testing recommended HIV testing should be offered to all general medical admissions aged 16-60 years in high prevalence areas, and that this should be evaluated to ensure this was effective in diagnosing previously undiagnosed HIV. METHODS HIV testing was introduced as a routine test for all patients admitted to the acute medical admissions u...