This paper investigates whether an outcome-based aid formula can improve fiscal and outcome equity across local school districts more strongly than a typical aid formula does, including Ohio’s recent aid formula. When the outcome-based aid formula is applied to foundation aid, fiscal and outcome equity deteriorates compared with the Ohio’s recent aid formula. However, when it is applied to powe...

Teacher retention is an important goal for urban school districts. In an effort to improve teacher retention, one popular strategy is to raise teacher salaries, often in targeted areas. However, there is little evidence on whether salary increases can improve retention in urban schools and districts Moreover, there is even less evidence on whether such salary incentives can be effective in reta...

BACKGROUND School-based student health screenings identify issues that may affect physical and intellectual development and are an important way to maintain student health. Nonprofit hospitals can provide a unique resource to school districts by assisting in the timely completion of school-based screenings and meet requirements of the Affordable Care Act. This case study describes the collabora...

E-supervision has a potential role in addressing speech-language personnel shortages in rural and difficult to staff school districts. The purposes of this article are twofold: to determine how e-supervision might support graduate speech-language pathologist (SLP) interns placed in rural, remote, and difficult to staff public school districts; and, to investigate interns' perceptions of in-pers...

OBJECTIVE To determine iodine levels in salt and iodine deficiency prevalence in school-aged children in 16 districts in Tanzania with previous severe iodine deficiency. DESIGN A cross-sectional study in schoolchildren. Systematic probability sampling was used to select schools and subjects for goitre assessment and urinary iodine determination. SETTING Sixteen districts randomly selected f...

This paper estimates the trade-off between salary and health insurance costs using data on Illinois school teachers between 1991 and 2008 that allow us to address several common empirical challenges in this literature. Teachers paid about 17 percent of the cost of individual health insurance and about 46 percent of the cost of their family members' plans through premium contributions, but we fi...

We analyze a model of optimal gerrymandering where two parties receive a noisy signal about voter preferences from a continuous distribution and simultaneously design districts in di¤erent states and in which the median voter in a district determines the winner. The form of the optimal gerrymander involves “slices”of extreme right-wing voters that are paired with “slices” of left-wing voters, a...

We consider situations where the a priori guidance provided by theoretical considerations indicates only that the function linking the endogenous and exogenous variables is monotone and concave (or convex). We present methods to evaluate the adequacy of a parametric functional form to represent the relationship given the minimal maintained assumption of monotonicity and concavity (or convexity)...

OBJECTIVE Analyzing the IQ and associated factors in school children aged 6 to 8 years old from the northeastern and northwestern districts of Medellin, Colombia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Simple, random, stratified sampling was carried out according to grade, level and commune; the sample consisted of 423 male and female children. The Wechsler intelligence scale (WISCIV) was used for evaluating ...