Global conservation prioritization often focuses on protecting the most species for the money invested (e.g., Myers et al. 2000; Orme et al. 2005; Wilson et al. 2006). Biodiversity hotspots and surrogate species are heralded as promising approaches for achieving this goal (e.g., Rodrigues et al. 2004; Bani et al. 2006; Lamoreux et al. 2006). Although identifying biodiversity hotspots (Myers et ...

In numerous and high-profile studies, researchers have recently begun to integrate computational models into the analysis of data from experiments on reward learning and decision making (Platt and Glimcher, 1999; O’Doherty et al., 2003; Sugrue et al., 2004; Barraclough et al., 2004; Samejima et al., 2005; Daw et al., 2006; Li et al., 2006; Frank et al., 2007; Tom et al., 2007; Kable and Glimche...

1830. [2] Milkereit B., et al. (2006) this volume. [3] Plado J., et al (2002) Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 35, 723-732. [4] Brown M. et al. (2006) this volume. Acknowledgement: Drilling was funded by ICDP, the U.S. NSF, the Austrian FWF, the Canadian NSERC, and the Austrian Academy of Sciences. Drilling operations were performed by DOSECC. Local help by the Geological Survey Department (Acc...

This paper gives an overview of the work of McDonald et al. (McDonald et al. 2005a, 2005b; McDonald and Pereira 2006;McDonald et al. 2006) on global inference and learning algorithms for data-driven dependency parsing. Further details can be found in the thesis of McDonald (McDonald 2006). This paper is primarily intended for the audience of the ESSLLI 2007 course on data-driven dependency pars...

A recent paper in Cell (Yao et al., 2006) and two papers in Developmental Cell (Tenzen et al., 2006; Zhang et al., 2006) identify a new receptor component for Hedgehog, a key morphogen in embryonic development. Many other proteins that bind to Hedgehog in the extracellular matrix or on the cell surface have been identified. In light of these recent discoveries, we discuss how these factors cont...

The coactivator PGC-1α is a key regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration, mediating expression of several transcription factors required for these programs. Three new studies reveal that PGC-1α expression is downregulated in patients with Huntington’s disease (HD) and in several animal models of this neurodegenerative disorder, implicating PGC-1α in HD pathogenesis and providing a ...

protein identification (Koo et al., 2005; Cheng et al., 2005; Mirr et al., 2005; Gruns et al., 2005; Tomosugi et al., 2005; Kijlstra et al., 1989; Zhou et al., 2006; Li et al., 2005; Fung et al., 2004; de Souza et al., 2006), but these protocols are sometimes hampered by the small amount of tear fluid and its low protein concentration. For high-throughput analysis, surface-enhanced laser desorp...

The problem of object tracking has been subject to numerous studies and has gained a considerable interest (Aghajan & Cavallaro (2009); Gandhi & Trivedi (2007)) in the light of surveillance (Hu et al. (2004); Loza et al. (2009)), pedestrian protection systems (Gerónimo et al. (2010); Smith & Singh (2006); Forsyth et al. (2006)), vehicular traffic management, human vision systems (Chen & Yang (2...

Bacterial cells are equipped with a myriad of organelles or complex protein assemblages that execute specialized functions required for cellular integrity and survival in the ever-changing environment. Of these organelles, the flagellum is renowned for its use as a model system to elucidate the intricate molecular mechanisms that direct and coordinate the precise subcellular placement and step-...