Immobilizing bifunctional phosphines with ethoxysilane groups on silica often leads predominantly, and sometimes quantitatively, to P(V) side products that occupy space on the surface but cannot bind metal complexes. Although this side reaction is well-known, and dreaded because it leads to leaching of adsorbed catalysts that are not bound covalently, the exact nature of the surface-bound side ...

BACKGROUND Biodegradable polyurethanes have found widespread use in soft tissue engineering due to their suitable mechanical properties and biocompatibility. METHODS In this study, polyurethane samples were synthesized from polycaprolactone, hexamethylene diisocyanate, and a copolymer of 1,4-butanediol as a chain extender. Polyurethane scaffolds were fabricated by a combination of liquid-liqu...

Soil salinity affects plant growth in a variety of ways, reducing water uptake, causing toxic accumulation of sodium and chloride, and reducing nutrient availability. Salinity also induces water deficit even in well-watered soils by decreasing the osmotic potential of soil solutes, thus making it difficult for roots to extract water from their surrounding media (Jaleel et al., 2007a). Excessive...

Bacterial leaching of an As-containing pyrite concentrate produced acidic (pH < 1) leachates. During the leaching, the bacteria solubilized both As and Fe, and these two elements were distributed in solution-phase and solid-phase products. Jarosite and scorodite were the exclusive crystalline products in precipitate samples from the bacterial leaching of the sulfide concentrate.

With the increasing shortage of water resources, current management saline–alkali lands in semi-arid and arid areas has gradually transformed from “flooding irrigation with drainage” past to combination controlling regional salt balance, phytoremediation, comprehensive utilization halophyte resources. However, soil salinization caused by natural anthropogenic factors still been a major global e...

Nanohydroxyapatite (n-HA)/nylon 6,6 composite scaffolds were produced by means of the salt-leaching/solvent casting technique. NaCl with a distinct range size was used with the aim of optimizing the pore network. Composite powders with different n-HA contents (40%, 60%) for scaffold fabrication were synthesized and tested. The composite scaffolds thus obtained were characterized for their micro...

Magnetic and macro/mesoporous bioactive glasses were synthesized by a one-pot method via a handy salt leaching technique. It was identified to be an effective and simple synthetic strategy. The non-ionic triblock copolymer, poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(propylene glycol)-block-poly(ethylene glycol) (P123), was used as the structure directing agent for mesoporous structure but also as the red...

Heparin-immobilized porous biodegradable scaffolds were fabricated to release basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in a sustained manner. Heparin was covalently conjugated onto the surface of macroporous PLGA scaffolds fabricated by a gas-foaming/salt-leaching method. Sustained release of bFGF was successfully achieved for over 20 days due to high affinity of bFGF onto the immobilized heparin....

A novel technique was adopted using wood waste as a new carrier for adsorption of invertase. The new method improved activity, pH and thermal stability of the immobilized invertase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and was more resistant to washing out by concentrated salt solution (6M NaCl). This result encourages using sawdust as matrix for purification of invertase or may be for other enzymes. O...

Combining a nanocomposite technique and the electrospinning process, a robust dual-porosity scaffold structure was developed for a facile transport of metabolic nutrients and wastes through the nano-sized pores and for the cell implantation and blood vessel invasion through the micro-sized pores. The montmorillonite (MMT) nano-sized platelets were incorporated into poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) so...