This review covers the operating conditions for extracting top value-added chemicals, such as levulinic acid, lactic succinic vanillic 3-hydroxypropionic xylitol, 2,5-furandicarboxylic 5-hydroxymethyl furfural, chitosan, 2,3-butanediol, and xylo-oligosaccharides, from common lignocellulosic biomass. Operating principles of novel extraction methods, beyond pretreatments, Soxhlet extraction, ultr...

the occurrence and fate of trace-level contamination of pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment has been recognized as one of the emerging issues in environmental chemistry. the effluents of wastewater treatment plants, usually directly emitted to the environment, often contain the anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac. diclofenac was chosen because it is of high consumption; by background liter...

a convenient liquid chromatographic-single quadrupole mass spectrometric (lc-ms) method was developed and validated for dexchlorpheniramine maleate (inn name: chlorphenamine) determination in human plasma. the need for just a single liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate and being highly sensitive were the advantages of this method. the linearity was also excellent over the range of 1 to 1...

The first semi-continuous Pressurized Liquid Extraction (PLE) of hemp threshing residue with ethanol was carried out according to a 32 full factorial experimental design pressure and temperature as independent variables at 8-10-12 MPa 323-333-343 K, respectively. total- cannabidiol (CBD) yield curves were fitted the modified two-parameter Brunner equation. Best results, concerning CBD, can be a...

The analytical use of ultrasound-generated emulsations has recently found a growing interest to improve efficiency in liquid-liquid microextraction since they increase the mass transfer between the two immiscible phases implied and leads to emulsification. Thus, dispersed droplets can act as efficient liquid-liquid microextraction in continuous phase, and later they can be readily separated by ...

Nano-assisted inclusion separation of alkali metals from basic solutions was reported by inclusion-facilitated emulsion liquid membrane process. The novelty of this study is application of nano-baskets of calixcrown in the selective and efficient separation of alkali metals as both the carrier and the surfactant. For this aim, four derivatives of diacid calix[4]-1,2-crowns were synthesized, and...

An effective vacuum assisted extraction (VAE) technique was proposed for the first time and applied to extract bioactive components from Andrographis paniculata. The process was carefully optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). Under the optimized experimental conditions, the best results were obtained using a boiling temperature of 65 °C, 50% ethanol concentration, 16 min of extractio...

A simple, rapid, and sensitive method for the detection of posaconazole using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) coupled to surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometric detection (SALDI/MS) was developed. After the DLLME, posaconazole was detected using SALDI/MS with colloidal gold and α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA) as the co-matrix. Under optimal extract...