Payments are the locomotive behind any business domain. It has been predicted that mobile payments will become one of the most successful mobile services, and the security of payments is an important requirement. However, it is difficult to strongly authenticate mobile users remotely and provide an adequate level of non-repudiation of transactions. In this article, we argue that a nationwide pu...

Fast flux networks represent a special type of botnets that are used to provide highly available web services to a backend server, which usually hosts malicious content. Detection of fast flux networks continues to be a challenging issue because of the similar behavior between these networks and other legitimate infrastructures, such as CDNs and server farms. This paper proposes Fast Flux Watch...

BACKGROUND By measuring alcohol retailers' propensity to illegally sell alcohol to young people who appear highly intoxicated, we examine whether UK legislation is effective at preventing health harms resulting from drunk individuals continuing to access alcohol. METHODS 73 randomly selected pubs, bars and nightclubs in a city in North West England were subjected to an alcohol purchase test b...

Classification and patterns extraction from customer data is very important for business support and decision making. Timely identification of newly emerging trends is needed in business process. Sales patterns from inventory data indicate market trends and can be used in forecasting which has great potential for decision making, strategic planning and market competition. The objectives in this...

On August 26, 1993, the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) published a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) to implement section 1926 of the Public Health Service (PHS) Act regarding the sale and distribution of tobacco products to individuals under the age of 18. The Secretary requested comments on the NPRM and gave 60 days for individuals to submit their written comments to the Dep...

In multi-item inventory with very large number of items in retail sale stores, purchase dependency in demand amongst the items can be described by association rules mined from sale transaction data. With the knowledge of association rules, inventory replenishment policy can be designed which will result in low inventory cost and better profitability. The relevant inventory costs include the cos...

learns or should have learned of the risk created by its fault.” Jablonski v. Ford Motor Co., 955 N.E.2d 1138, 1159 (Ill. 2011) (emphasis added). See also Comstock v. General Motors Corp., 99 N.W.2d 627, 634 (Mich. 1959); Kozlowski v. John E. Smith’s Sons Co., 275 N.W.2d 915, 922 (Wis. 1979); Downing v. Overhead Door Corp., 707 P.2d 1027, 1032 (Colo. Ct. App. 1985); Wilson v. U.S. Elevator Corp...

This paper investigates the effect of Internet car referral services on dealer pricing of automobiles in California. Combining data from J.D. Power and Associates and Autobytel.com, a major online auto referral service, we compare online transaction prices to regular “street” prices. We find that the average customer of this online service pays approximately 2% less for her car, which correspon...