Refactorings often require that non-trivial semantic correctness conditions are met. IDEs such as Eclipse’s Java Development Tools rely on simpler, static precondition checks for refactorings. This leads to the phenomenon that a seemingly innocuous refactoring can change the behavior of the program. In this thesis we demonstrate our technique of introducing runtime checks of two particular refa...

1 department of orthopaedics, barts and the london, the royal london hospital, london; 2 MSk lab, imperial College london, Charing Cross hospital, fulham, london; 3 institute of population health, university of Manchester, Manchester; 4 postgraduate School of Surgery, london deanery, london, uK. Correspondence: [email protected] and [email protected] * These authors contributed equally. Submitte...

Local anaesthesia for eye surgery is usually safe, but serious complications may sometimes occur. Sharp-needle blocks (retrobulbar or peribulbar) can potentially cause blindness or even death. Sub-Tenon's blocks, using a blunt-ended cannula, appear to be much safer. However, they can also cause serious complications. Sharp-needle techniques (retrobulbar and peribulbar injections) These appear t...

This paper presents several multiset and boomerang attacks on Safer++ up to 5.5 out of its 7 rounds. These are the best known attacks for this cipher and significantly improve the previously known results. The attacks in the paper are practical up to 4 rounds. The methods developed to attack Safer++ can be applied to other substitutionpermutation networks with incomplete diffusion.

Objective This study aimed to introduce bedside handover to three rural South Australian hospitals. Design A mixed‐method, pre‐test post‐test evaluative approach involving quantitative (quasi‐experimental) and qualitative (ethnographic) elements was used. Setting This study was set in three acute hospital wards. Subjects The sample comprised forty‐eight self‐selected enrolled/registered nursing...

Safety in cardiac surgery should be evaluated in the context of the other elements of quality in healthcare (timeliness, effectiveness, efficiency, equity, and most importantly, patient-centeredness). Mortality alone is not an adequate index of safety: Stroke is particularly feared by patients and prolonged periods of hospitalization can be very difficult for families to cope with. Advances in ...

In response to a weight of evidence that patients are frequently harmed as a result of their care, there have been concerted efforts to make healthcare safer, with health systems across the globe investing significant resources in policies and programmes designed to reduce adverse events. Yet, despite extensive efforts, improvements in safety have proved difficult to sustain and spread, with st...

Polyhydramnios is associated with many serious maternal complications such as placental abruption or cord prolapse at rupture of membranes, uterine dysfunction at delivery, and postpartum hemorrhage. When considering uterine dysfunction caused by overstretched uterine muscles, active artificial amniotomy for more efficient labor seems to be a preferred obstetric management, but the potential ad...