Sir, We read with great interest the article by Vijayaraghavan et al., titled “Sonographic features of agenesis of dorsal pancreas,” which was published in the August 2013 issue of the journal.[1] The authors have narrated the clinical and radiological presentation of a rare entity in a suitable manner. In the discussion section, authors have mentioned that “the dorsal bud drains through duct o...

Purpose: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has become the gold standard of management of gallstone disease. LC is associated with a two-to-four times higher incidence of bile duct injury, which is a rare but more serious complication than open cholecystectomy. We reviewed our experiences with the management of bile duct injury during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods: From January 1999 to A...

OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to assess a new approach to stent the arterial duct in neonates with a duct-dependent pulmonary circulation. BACKGROUND Previous attempts to stent the neonatal arterial duct were unsatisfactory. Learning from these failures, we speculated that covering the complete length of the duct with current low-profile stents might avoid previous problems. METHODS...

objectives to investigate the role of cgs21680, a selective adenosine a2a receptor agonist, on a bile-duct-ligated cirrhotic liver resection model in rats. methods male wistar rats were allotted into 3 groups (n = 7 per time-point): the control group, the bile duct ligation + cgs21680 group (bdl + cgs), and the bile duct ligation group (bdl). biliary cirrhosis had been previously induced by lig...

We encountered 10 patients with bile duct injuries during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Their causes were electrocautery in 2 patients, misjudgment in 2, mechanical injury in 3, aberrant bile duct in 2, and weakness of the bile duct wall in one. The sites of injury were cystic duct in 4 patients, common bile duct in 2, aberrant bile duct in 2, common hepatic duct in one, and common bile duct pl...

conclusions this study showed that the frequency of bilin was low among iranian patients with psc. high bilirubin and ca19-9 can be predictors of the development of bile duct epithelial changes in patients with psc. background primary sclerosing cholangitis (psc) as one of the most common chronic cholestatic liver diseases is a main predisposing factor for the development of cholangiocarcinoma ...

background bile duct injuries (bdi) during cholecystectomy are now being recognized as major health problems. objectives herein, we present our experience with handling major bdis and report long-term outcome of hepaticojejunostomies followed by trans-jejunal hepatic duct stenting performed to reconstruct extra-hepatic biliary tracts. materials and methods in this case series, we prospectively ...

lead poisoning has several clinical manifestations so the diagnosis may be troublesome. these manifestations consist of anemia, neurologic abnormalities, liver and biliary tract problems and abdominal pain. not only opium addiction, but also lead toxicity can cause biliary tract problems.when both etiologies occur at the same time, the diagnosis is difficult. a 46 year old opium addicted man wi...

purpose: to evaluate the nature of obstruction in difficult irrigation after probing for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (cnldo). methods: in a prospective interventional study, the nature of obstruction in 75 eyes of 68 children aged between 12 and 23 months with cnldo who had difficult irrigation after probing was evaluated. all patients underwent monocanalicular silicone intubation....

purpose : to report a patient with retained broken probe tip in the false passage site after nasolacrimal duct (nld) probing case report : a 18-month-baby with epiphora and a nontender mass in the site of lacrimal sac was visited in clinic. she had a history of probing six months ago by another ophthalmologist. the probing was repeated successfully but the mass size didn’t change. the mass was ...