indigenous knowledge (ik) is important for every nation and consequently for the whole world. from scientific and cultural view point. previously ik did not have a good status and it was in a ‘backward’ state during 19th century, but in 20th century due to bio-environmental problems caused by inopportune use of modern technology in developing countries, the scholars directed their attention to ...

over the past decades, participatory approaches to development have been the center of attention not only as a means to sustainable development but also as an end. although women's role in rural development is emphasized, their participation in extension educational programs is nevertheless limited. using sherry aronstein theoretical framework, the descriptive-survey research aims to deter...

menopause is one of the steps in women’s life which is accompanied by reducing physical and psychological abilities. because estrogen and other hormonal influences during menopause affect the brain's regulation of mood, hormonal changes can cause some women to experience anxiety during menopause. anxiety is a psychological state characterized by excessive and persistent worry, tension and ...

While promoting rural economic enterprises and businesses can contribute to create and strengthen entrepreneurship, this as a crucial strategy will accelerate rural development process. Through extending these businesses and strengthening entrepreneurship among rural people proper solutions can be found to combine resources both inside and outside the village. It can also assist to provide both...

Improvement of life quality is a general aim of all developmental programs all over the world. So that, It  is  an  important  issue  that has  been  studied  by  socialists  and  even  psychologists. Social capital is the social aspect that consists of trust, a norm for regulating the relation among members, and network, which can increase mental health and can be used as the access to health ...