AIM To determine the effectiveness of medical counseling for alcohol abuse, when it is provided in primary care centers. DESIGN Quasi-experimental, open, multicenter before-after study.Setting. 14 primary care physician's practices (7 rural, 7 urban) in the province of Córdoba (Spain). PARTICIPANTS 306 patients of both sexes, recruited with a case-finding strategy, who consumed >=35 (men) o...

SAN FRANCISCO – A proposed new definition of acute respiratory distress syndrome describes categories based on mild, moderate, or severe hypoxemia that correlate increasing severity with significantly increased mortality or increased time on mechanical ventilation among survivors. The draft definition, created under a consensus process by an international panel of experts, was refined by empiri...

Lead in maternal blood can cross the placenta and result in elevated blood lead levels in newborns, potentially producing negative effects on neurocognitive function, particularly if combined with childhood lead exposure. Little research exists, however, into the burden of elevated blood lead levels in newborns, or the places and populations in which elevated lead levels are observed in newborn...

BACKGROUND The last study reported the prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) in rural Northeast China was conducted approximately ten years ago. We aimed to update the data on the prevalence and epidemiological features of MetS in rural Northeast China. METHODS This survey was conducted from July 2012 to August 2013. In this study, a total of 11,496 residents from the rural Northeast China ...

Today, most female children born with congenital heart disease will reach childbearing age. For many women with complex congenital heart disease, carrying a pregnancy carries a moderate to high risk for both the mother and her fetus. Many such women, however, do not have access to adult congenital heart disease tertiary centers with experienced reproductive programs. Therefore, it is important ...

introduction: spirituality is taken deeply into consideration as a part of health because of its role in the control of chronic diseases and its importance in determination of life purpose in the elderly. this study aimed to investigate the association between spiritual health and blood sugar control in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. methods: this cross-sectional study was conducted on ...

most of the poor people in developing countries live in rural areas. experience shows that in manycountries animal husbandry development and increasing investment specially is a way to challengethe poverty in rural areas. this is obvious that, small producers have key role in dairy markets anddairy development but they have no power to bargain and negotiate for higher prices, access to themarke...

INTRODUCTION National studies of largely urban populations showed increased risk of traumatic death among uninsured patients, as compared to those insured. No similar studies have been done for major trauma centers serving rural states. METHODS We performed retrospective analyses using trauma registry records from adult, non-burn patients admitted to a single American College of Surgeons-cert...

infrastructure plays an important role in the process of economic development. access to such infrastructures as safe piped drinking water, educational and health services, electrification and efficient transport system enhance human welfare. the main objective of this study is to determine the contribution of the main types of infrastructure investments to reduction of poverty and more balance...