This paper gives an overview of a formal ontological approach of conformance models for regulations in Construction aiming at answering the research question: “is an IFC-represented building project compliant to a set of construction rules?” The study analyses three key subtasks: (i) transformation of the IFC of the construction project; (ii) regulations formalisation; (iii) conformance checkin...

as iran has adhered to new york convention on recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards since 2003, according to article 9 of iranian civil code, the convention’s provisions are treated as part of iranian laws and regulations. this essay, in order to clarify the enforcement regime provided by new york convention, which is now part of the positive legal system of the country, after ...

drawing up the insurance contracts by insurance companies has led to disregard policyholder's rights. this means that insurers by inserting unfair terms in insurance contracts seek to make a contract that they gain special privileges for themselves. jurists as main opponents of injustice regard commitment not to insert unfair terms as one of the insurer's pre-contractual obligations i...

presently, conflict rules have gone beyond inflexible and purposeless physical connection factors and have approached instrumentalism and economic functions.  this evolution defined as rule utilitarianism in conflict of laws and determination of applicable law to product liability in rome ii regulations in this manner.  protection of consumers in this category has been said to be the foundation...

Event-condition-action (ECA) is the basic pattern for business rules implementation in the vast majority of companies dealing with complex set of either industry regulations or internal business processes and policies. For example, financial institutions have common federal and/or state rules of conducting business as well as specific rules, e.g. inside brokerage or insurance industry. The stan...

The trade in live crustaceans implies keeping these animals alive after capture and/or farming until purchase by the final consumer. Regarding animal welfare, the European Union includes cephalopods in Directive 2010/63/EU on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes, but there are no further regulations on crustaceans in EU legislation. The present study analysed the provisions of...

This paper outlines the methodological background and presents a summary of the main results of a series of undertaken international, IMO-led studies, on the harmonisation of the new probabilistic, risk-based regulations with the currently in-force regulatory provisions for assessing the damage stability of dry cargo and passenger ships. It reviews the historical development of the new regulati...

the purpose of the present research was to study the effect of cooperative methodology on the social skill development of the primary students. the methodology was quasi-experimental, with pre-test, post-test, and control group. the population of the research was all 486 ‘laleh’ primary school male students in the year of 2009-2010, among whom, 61 four-grade participants were finally chosen. th...