Validation of a knowledge base is an important aspect of the knowledge-based systems (KBS) development procedure, which aims to assure the system’s ability to reach correct results. Very promising seems to be knowledge-bases (KBs) generated by classification algorithms as an example of machine-learning approach. The paper addresses the issues of verification and evaluation of KBs existing as ru...

This paper presents an autonomous algorithm for discovering exception rules from data sets. An exception rule, which is defined as a deviational pattern to a well-known fact, exhibits unexpectedness and is sometimes extremely useful in spite of its obscurity. Previous discovery approaches for this type of knowledge have neglected the problem of evalnating the reliability of the rules extracted ...

This article enquires into the evolution of European Commission’s discourse with respect to rule law, corruption and media development in Serbia during period 2010–2021. The study performs a critical analysis use historical approach on annual progress reports published by Commission. uncovers that shows patterns both continuity change. topics subtopics related represents large continuity. Some ...

When testing software, testers rarely use only one technique to generate tests that, they hope, will fulfill their testing criteria. Malaiya showed that testers switch strategies when testing yield saturates. We present and evaluate a stopping rule that can be used to determine when it is time to switch to a different testing technique, because the current one is not likely to increase criteria...

Rule-based systems that are easily testable are required for high reliability applications. However, as a rule base evolves, developers prefer incremental evaluation owing to the high cost of regression testing. For, quality aatd reliability improvement, researchers advocate that the evaluation phase be integrated with development: thus, incremental evaluation becomes more important in this con...

supplier selection is a multi-criteria problem. this study proposes a hybrid model for supporting the suppliers’ selection and ranking. this research is a two-stage model designed to fully rank the suppliers where each supplier has multiple inputs and outputs. first, the supplier evaluation problem is formulated by data envelopment analysis (dea), since the regarded decision deals with uncertai...