AIM To report the endodontic treatment of an immature maxillary central incisor with dens invaginatus. SUMMARY Dens invaginatus is a rare malformation of teeth, probably resulting from an infolding of the dental papilla during tooth development. The present case describes the complex endodontic treatment of a type III dens invaginatus in an immature maxillary central incisor with a necrotic p...

AIM The present report describes and discusses root canal variations in the internal morphology of maxillary molars. BACKGROUND Dental internal anatomy is directly related to all the technical stages of the endodontic treatment. Even though, in some situations a typical anatomical characteristics can be faced, and the professional should be able to identify them. CASE DESCRIPTIONS This clin...

Close root proximity between the maxillary central incisors presents a problem in the surgical management of a maxillary palatal expansion. During the surgical fracture of this interdental area, the possibility exists for a separation to occur between the root surface and the bone. If this does occur, it is paramount that the gingival attachment remain intact. Asymmetric separation places more ...

introduction: the efficiency of routine scaling and root planning is negatively influenced by the tooth anatomy and residual bacteria all possibly affecting the treatment outcomes in future. the present study compared the microbiologic effectiveness of the photodynamic therapy (pdt) as an adjunctive treatment modality for nonsurgical treatment in chronic periodontitis. methods: in this randomiz...

T canines have the highest reported incidence of dental transposition—most commonly with the first premolar, followed by the lateral incisor.1-8 Several authors have described cases in which canine transpositions were resolved or the teeth were aligned in their transposed positions. 9-11 To our knowledge, however, no one has reported treating a patient in whom bilaterally impacted upper canines...

Aesthetic concerns and functional abnormalities, such as dentin hypersensitivity, are often associated with gingival recession defects. Root coverage procedures aim to restore both gingival aesthetics and function in recession defects. The coronally positioned flap combined with the subepithelial connective tissue graft is one of the most widely used root coverage procedures. The present report...

Control software of autonomous mobile robots is characterized by its fairly high complexity which is in conflict with stability. Complexity is caused by the software components implementing the basic functionality like planning, sensor fusion, actuator interfaces, and their interactions. Because of the high complexity but also the instability of hardware components and connections, and the unde...

We offer elective aortic replacement ot those we regard as being at high risk. The aortic root dimension and its rate of increase are the best predictors we have. We regard 5.5 cm as the probable upper limit and we are inclined to advocate surgery at an earlier stage in high risk families and in women planning pregnancy. These operations are planned for a calculated gain in life expectancy and ...

Root resorptions caused by orthodontic movement are not supported by consistent scientific evidence that correlate them with heredity, individual predisposition and genetic or familial susceptibility. Current studies are undermined by methodological and interpretative errors, especially regarding the diagnosis and measurements of root resorption from orthopantomographs and cephalograms. Samples...

Oblique crown-root fracture in the cervical third of the root is a common event following trauma to the anterior region of the mouth. As a result, sound tooth structure coronal to the attachment apparatus may not be available for restorative needs. Invasion of biological width by fracture line presents a clinical challenge in restorative planning. Placing a restoration margin on sound tooth str...