Twenty anaesthetic rooms and operating theatres in Northern Ireland were visited in both 1990 and 1992. Data was collected on the availability and use of anaesthetic monitoring. In the anaesthetic rooms there were few pulse oximeters. In the theatres more monitors were available and in use. Some change in practice had occurred between 1990 and 1992, notably an increase in the monitoring of vent...

We compared the rates of exposure to blood in the operating room among third-year medical students during 2005-2006 with the rates reported in a study completed at the same institution during 1990-1991. The number of medical students exposed to blood decreased from 66 (68%) of 97 students during 1990-1991 to 8 (11%) of 75 students during 2005-2006 (P<.001).

Over the past 50 years, significant improvements in cardiac surgical care have been achieved. Nevertheless, surgical errors that significantly impact patient safety continue to occur. In order to further improve surgical outcomes, patient safety programs must focus on rectifying work system factors in the operating room (OR) that negatively impact the delivery of reliable surgical care. The goa...

In this paper we study worldwide antidumping (AD) case filing patterns in order to determine the extent to which economic versus strategic incentives explain the behavior of countries employing AD actions. We compare four main hypotheses. Two are motivated by the BagwellStaiger (1990) model of special protection and are consistent with the view that AD actions are used to prevent unfair trade: ...

The operating room is a high-stress and volatile workplace where interpersonal conflict can be frequent and at times intense. This article explores some of the common sources of conflict and suggests some remedies.

Intensive aquaculture is adopted by more and more fish farms in China. This paper focuses on the typical water monitoring and controlling methods in intensive fish culture in Chinese fish farms. The paper illustrates the main factors in fish culturing and the way to control them: dissolved oxygen (DO), temperature, PH, particulate matter and ammonium.