OBJECTIVE To describe patterns of bottle-feeding across the first year postpartum and explore whether bottle-feeding trajectories are differentially associated with infant weight gain. METHOD Data came from 1291 mothers who participated in the Infant Feeding Practices Study 2. Mothers completed a prenatal questionnaire and monthly surveys of infant feeding and growth between birth and 12 mont...

To determine the optimal anaerobic companion bottle to pair with the BacT/ALERT (bioMerieux, Durham, N.C.) nonvented aerobic FA (FA) medium for recovery of pathogenic microorganisms from adult patients with bacteremia and fungemia, we compared the BacT/ALERT FN (FN) anaerobic bottle with the standard BacT/ALERT SN (SN) anaerobic bottle. Each bottle, FA, FN, and SN, was filled with 8 to 12 ml of...

BACKGROUND To prevent breastfeeding problems, cup-feeding has been recommended as a method of providing medically necessary supplemental feedings to breastfed infants. OBJECTIVES To compare amounts ingested, administration time, and infant physiologic stability during cup-, bottle-, and breastfeeding. DESIGN/METHODS A total of 98 term, healthy newborns were randomized to either cup-feeding ...

Once there was an immortal who lived in a bottle gourd and emerged each morning to sell medicine. Every night he returned to the bottle gourd to sleep. Curious about this strange behavior, a mortal followed him into the bottle gourd. There he found a spacious fairyland with landscapes of unearthly beauty. This story was told by Ge Hong, an important figure in the development of Taoism, in his f...

A supercontinuum bottle beam was successfully produced by focusing a supercontinuum laser beam after passing through an axicon. The supercontinuum radiation was generated from a microstructured fiber pumped by a self-kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond Ti:sapphire laser. The cross-section intensity distributions of the generated bottle were recorded by a beam profiler. Using the line filters to s...

Pharyngoesophageal perforation from an exploding bottle is an extremely rare injury. To date, twenty-four cases have been documented in English literature. In this study, we reported two additional cases of pharyngoesophageal perforation by a bottle exploding in the mouth. Explosion of the bottle occurred when the patients removed the cap of a home-made wine bottle with their teeth, which resul...

Observations of streamwise and crossflow instabilities on swept circular cylinders over a range of inclinations are presented. By considering sweep angles through the full range between the two extremes studied in the literature, we relate the streamwise vorticity of the unswept case (Kestin & Wood, J. Fluid Mech. 44) to the more aggressive crossflow instability at high sweep angles (Poll, J. F...

We report on the generation of photonic nanojets, which resemble optical bottle beams. They are realized by manipulating the illumination of dielectric microspheres. As illumination we use the outer region of deliberately truncated Bessel-Gauss beam or a focused Gaussian beam with intentionally induced spherical aberrations. For the Bessel-Gauss beam possessing a single side lobe only, the nano...