Understanding local-scale transport and dispersion of pollutants emitted from traffic sources is important for urban planning and air quality assessments. Predicting pollutant concentration patterns in complex environments depends on accurate representations of local features (e.g., noise barriers, trees, buildings) affecting near-field air flows. This study examined the effects of roadside bar...

Advertisement disseminations based on Roadside Access Points (RAPs) in vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) attract lots of attentions and have a promising prospect. In this paper, we focus on a roadside advertisement dissemination, including three basic elements: RAP Service Provider (RSP), mobile vehicles and shops. The RSP has deployed many RAPs at different locations in a city. A shop wants t...

The American public thinks of its highway network as a necessary convenience but rarely gives much thought to roadside environment. Yet, driving for pleasure is one of America’s most popular outdoor recreational activities. This area, however, has recently been brought into sharper focus. President Johnson, when recently discussing high­ way beautification said: “ By making our roads highways t...

In conditions with heavy traffic and crowds of people on roadside areas under skytrain stations in Bangkok, the natural air ventilation may be insufficient and air quality may be poor. A study of 350 air samples collected from the roadside, under skytrain stations in Bangkok, was carried out to assess microbial counts (210 air samples) and particulate matter (PM10) levels (140 samples). The res...

U-turn is a complex driving manoeuvre entailing 180-degree turn to change the direction of travel towards the opposite direction. A cross-sectional survey based on convenience sampling was conducted at 120 U-turns in Karachi from February to October 2013. Shopkeepers operating in the close vicinity of U-turns were interviewed. Out of the 120 U-turns studied, 87(72.5%) were without median and 33...

INTRODUCTION Several uses of remote sensing devices (RSDs) have been proposed, such as on-road identification of high emitting vehicles and monitoring on-road vehicle emissions for program evaluation purposes. The Bureau of Automotive Repair (BAR) conducted a study to evaluate the ability of RSDs to consistently identify vehicles with excessive emissions and correctly classify the vehicles as f...

The objective of this project was to develop sobriety tests that can be administered in the seated position to assist water patrol officers in detecting alcohol-related impairment in boaters. Four seated sobriety tests were administered to 330 boaters to determine the tests' usefulness in classifying boaters as having blood alcohol concentrations (BACs) below the illegal limit (BAC<.08%) or abo...

In Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANETs), security is a primary concern, as it affects traffic safety. Authentication in essence is an important security requirement to avoid attacks on vehicular communication. To provide authentication with some privacy to the users, we propose an authentication framework that uses pseudonyms, which are self-generated are used as key value in communication among v...

Concentrations and isotopic compositions of lead in the total and mobile (acid-soluble and carbonatebound) forms were determined in remote and roadside Chestnut soils in the dry steppe region of Low Volga, Russia. As a reference to evaluate the level of modern soil contamination with lead, we used ancient soil buried under a Bronze Age kurgan about 4500 years ago. In comparison with buried soil...