Citation: Bracher A, Bouman HA, Brewin RJW, Bricaud A, Brotas V, Ciotti AM, Clementson L, Devred E, Di Cicco A, Dutkiewicz S, Hardman-Mountford NJ, Hickman AE, Hieronymi M, Hirata T, Losa SN, Mouw CB, Organelli E, Raitsos DE, Uitz J, Vogt M and Wolanin A (2017) Obtaining Phytoplankton Diversity from Ocean Color: A Scientific Roadmap for Future Development. Front. Mar. Sci. 4:55. doi: 10.3389/fm...

We describe a process that constructs robot-specific circuitry for motion planning, capable of generating motion plans approximately three orders of magnitude faster than existing methods. Our method is based on building collision detection circuits for a probabilistic roadmap. Collision detection for the roadmap edges is completely parallelized, so that the time to determine which edges are in...

Detecting events of interest in video where there is no accompanying sound or text; examples include surveillance video. Further advances in computer vision, perhaps combining multiple 2D views are necessary. It is interesting to note that in the UK, it is almost impossible to walk outside for 5 minutes without being captured by some surveillance video system Content extraction from noisy media...

Mechanistic understanding of how the brain gives rise to complex behavioral and cognitive functions is one of science's grand challenges. The technical challenges that we face as we attempt to gain a systems-level understanding of the brain are manifold. The brain's structural complexity requires us to push the limit of imaging resolution and depth, while being able to cover large areas, result...

This article reviews recent progress in Japan in the techniques and applications of dynamic mode atomic force microscopy (AFM), specifically focusing on three topics: (1) mechanical discrimination of intermixed two-atom species and their manipulation by frequency modulation (FM) AFM under ultrahigh vacuum; (2) sub-molecular and atomic-resolution imaging in liquids by FM-AFM; and (3) high-speed ...

Asymptotically optimal planners, such as PRM⇤, guarantee that solutions approach optimal as iterations increase. Roadmaps with this property, however, may grow too large. If optimality is relaxed, asymptotically near-optimal solutions produce sparser graphs by not including all edges. The idea stems from graph spanner algorithms, which produce sparse subgraphs that guarantee near-optimal paths....

Logical inference is one approach to implementing the reasoning component of a cognitive system. Inference graphs are a method for natural deduction inference which, uniquely in logic-based cognitive systems, use concurrency to reason about multiple possible ways to solve a problem simultaneously, and cancel no-longer-necessary inference operations. We outline extensions to inference graphs whi...

We present a preliminary analysis of various options and strategies for the development of hybrid CMOS/nanodevice integrated circuits, in particular those of “CMOL” type and its later varieties, and an assessment of the possible impact of this technology for several key areas of microelectronics. We believe that CMOL technology and/or its cousins is the most natural (and possibly the only pract...

The World Wide Web, has grown in the past few years from a small research community to the biggest and most popular way of communication and information dissemination. Every day, the WWW grows by roughly a million electronic pages, adding to the hundreds of millions already on-line. WWW serves as a platform for exchanging various kinds of information, ranging from research papers, and education...