Single-cell whole-transcriptome analysis is a powerful tool for quantifying gene expression heterogeneity in populations of cells. Many techniques have, thus, been recently developed to perform transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) on individual cells. To probe subtle biological variation between samples with limiting amounts of RNA, more precise and sensitive methods are still required. We adapte...

The Escherichia coli lac and ara promoters and rrnC ribosomal RNA promoter-leader region were fused to lacZYA. Transcription termination signals were introduced into the lac genes of these fusions by Tn9 and IS1 insertions. Measurement of lac enzymes from upstream and downstream of the insertions showed that termination signals resulting from these insertions are very efficient when transcripti...

PYRROLO-dCTP The fluorescence of a nucleoside base is highly dependent on the environment of the base and the measurement of its fluorescence is a powerful and sensitive tool for the analysis of DNA and RNA structure. It is especially useful for analyzing the interaction of DNA and RNA with their corresponding binding proteins. Fluorescence measurements allow real-time probing of these structur...

The rationale for and the opportunities to bring the biologymathematics interface into the high schools are explored through examples from the author’s career. Among topics considered are (1) epidemiological modeling, (2) biology as information science, (3) physical mapping of DNA, (4) DNA and RNA chains and the “RNA detective game,” (5) systems biology, (6) graph-theoretical models of the spre...

With the development of new technologies in transcriptome and epigenetics, RNAs have been identified to play more and more important roles in life processes. Consequently, various methods have been proposed to assess the biological functions of RNAs and thus classify them functionally, among which comparative study of RNA structures is perhaps the most important one. To measure the structural s...

BACKGROUND The noninvasive detection of RNA tumor markers in body fluids represents an attractive diagnostic option, but diagnostic performance of tissue-derived markers is often poorer when measured in body fluids rather than in tumors. We aimed to develop a procedure for measurement of tumor RNA in urine that would minimize donor-dependent influences on the results. METHODS RNA isolated fro...

We report the results of a longitudinal study of RNA splicing patterns in 31 early-stage human immunodeficiency virus disease patients with an average follow-up time of 3 years. Eighteen patients showed no evidence for disease progression, whereas 13 patients either showed a > or = 50% reduction in baseline CD4 count or developed opportunistic infections. Levels of unspliced, tat, rev, and nef ...

Calf-thymus chromatin was fractionated by ion-exchange chromatography on ECTHAM-cellulose and sucrose gradient sedimentation. [ECTHAM-cellulose is a cationic adsorbent prepared by coupling tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane to cellulose with epichlorohydrin.] The capacity of these fractionated chromatins to support RNA synthesis by DNA-dependent RNA polymerase of Escherichia coli was examined, usi...

Plasma human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 RNA load is the reference marker for response to antiretroviral therapy. To compare peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)-associated and plasma HIV-1 RNA response to treatment, HIV-1 RNA was quantified by reverse transcription-competitive polymerase chain reaction in 20 patients at 0, 12, and 24 weeks following addition of saquinavir to their ...