k-Exclusion is a generalization of Mutual Exclusion that allows up to k processes to be in the critical section concurrently. Starvation Freedom and First-In-First-Enabled (FIFE) are two desirable progress and fairness properties of k-Exclusion algorithms. We present the first known bounded-space k-Exclusion algorithm that uses only atomic reads and writes, satisfies Starvation Freedom, and has...

We investigate the remote memory references (RMRs) complexity of deterministic processes that communicate by reading and writing shared memory in asynchronous cache-coherent and distributed shared-memory multiprocessors. We define a class of algorithms that we call order encoding. By applying information-theoretic arguments, we prove that every order encoding algorithm, shared by n processes, h...

Recent research on mutual exclusion for shared-memory systems has focused on local spinalgorithms. Performance is measured using the remote memory references (RMRs) metric. Ascommon in recent literature, we consider a standard asynchronous shared memory model withN processes, which allows atomic read, write and compare-and-swap (short: CAS) operations.In such a model, the asympt...

Empirical design of support system at the Tunnel 6 Jakarta – Bandung high-speed railway was based on Basic Quality (BQ) system, which had not been adopted in Indonesia. This research carried out to better understand rock mass quality tunnel construction site by comparing determined BQ that two more popular classifications, namely Geological Strength Index (GSI) and Rock Mass Rating (RMR). Surfa...

CONTEXT Higher metabolic rates increase free radical formation, which may accelerate aging and lead to early mortality. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to determine whether higher metabolic rates measured by two different methods predict early natural mortality in humans. DESIGN Nondiabetic healthy Pima Indian volunteers (n = 652) were admitted to an inpatient unit for approximately 7 d as part...

Tropical inland fishes are predicted to be especially vulnerable to thermal stress because they experience small temperature fluctuations that may select for narrow thermal windows. In this study, we measured resting metabolic rate (RMR), critical oxygen tension (P crit) and critical thermal maximum (CTMax) of the widespread African cichlid (Pseudocrenilabrus multicolor victoriae) in response t...

PYY may play a role in modulating satiety and energy expenditure; increasing PYY postprandially has been studied largely in single-meal responses. The diurnal rhythm of PYY and its role in energy balance have not been fully characterized. The purpose of our study was to characterize features of the diurnal rhythm of PYY and determine its role in regulating energy balance. This study was a cross...

Studies of inter-individual variation in fish swimming performance may provide insight into how selection has influenced diversity in phenotypic traits. We investigated individual variation and short-term repeatability of individual swimming performance by wild European sea bass in a constant acceleration test (CAT). Fish were challenged with four consecutive CATs with 5 min rest between trials...