Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) binds to its receptor (TNFR1) and activates both death- and inflammation/survival-related signalling pathways. The inflammation and survival-related signalling cascade results in the activation of the transcription factor, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) and requires recruitment of receptor-interacting protein (RIP) to TNFR1. The indispensable role o...

Positive airway pressure (Paw) during high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) increases lung volume and can lead to lung overdistention with potentially serious adverse effects. To date, no method is available to monitor changes in lung volume (DeltaVL) in HFOV-treated infants to avoid overdistention. In five newborn piglets (6-15 days old, 2.2-4.2 kg), we investigated the use of direct c...

MOTIVATION RIP-chip is a high-throughput method to identify mRNAs that are targeted by RNA-binding proteins. The protein of interest is immunoprecipitated, and the identity and relative amount of mRNA associated with it is measured on microarrays. Even if a variety of methods is available to analyse microarray data, e.g. to detect differentially regulated genes, the additional experimental step...

BACKGROUND Bacteria that adhere to implanted medical devices play an important role in industry and in modern medicine. Staphylococci are among the most common pathogens that cause biomaterial infections. Vascular prosthetic graft infection is one of the most feared complications that the vascular surgeon treats, frequently resulting in prolonged hospitalization, organ failure, amputation, and ...

Respiratory inductive plethysmography (RIP) can measure breathing patterns noninvasively. Calibration is required for rib cage and abdomen transducers utilizing breaths with different compartment contribution correlated with tidal volume measured by integrated pneumotachography (PNT). This study was performed to determine if RIP remains accurate during sleep states following calibration in the ...

This contribution presents an updated analysis of the evolution of ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) in plants. All evidence suggests that an ancestor of modern seed plants developed the RIP domain at least 300 million years ago. This ancestral RIP domain gave rise to a direct lineage of type 1 RIPs (i.e., primary type 1 RIPs) still present today in many monocots and at least one dicot. In ...

We compared tidal volume (VT) measured from the integrated airflow signal of a pneumotachygraph (PNTG) in ten patients, seated comfortably, with airway obstruction to VT, recorded simultaneously, by three chest-wall volume-displacement methods: two-channel magnetometer, isovolume calibration (mag-isov); respiratory inductance plethysmograph, isovolume calibration (rip-isov); and, inductance ple...

To define more clearly the roles of CD80 (RIP-CD80) and CD86 (RIP-CD86) in the activation of autoreactive T cells in vivo, we generated transgenic mice expressing either or both costimulatory molecules on the beta cells of the pancreas. While RIP-CD80 mice do not show any sign of autoimmunity, at the age of 7 mo RIP-CD86 transgenic mice develop a lymphoid infiltrate with both IFN-gamma- and IL-...

In Neurospora crassa the ability of an ectopic gene-sized duplication to induce repeat-induced point mutation (RIP) in its target gene was suppressed in crosses that were heterozygous for another larger chromosome segment duplication. Specifically, the frequency of RIP in the erg-3 gene due to a 1.3-kb duplication was reduced if the chromosome segment duplications Dp(IIIR > [I;II]) AR17, Dp(VIR...