This article summarized immunohistochemistry methods generally used in research laboratories and clinic including direct immune staining, indirect immune staining, enzyme method, fluorescence method, APC method and PAP method.

The Golgi staining technique, also called the black reaction after the stain's color, was developed in the 1870s and 1880s in Italy to make brain cells (neurons) visible under the microscope [3]. Camillo Golgi developed the technique while working with nervous tissue, which required Golgi to examine cell structure under the microscope [3]. Golgi improved upon existing methods of staining, enabl...

Acridine orange is a metachromatic intercalator used extensively in histochemistry to differentiate double- from single-stranded (ds, ss) nucleic acid by the emission of green and red fluorescence, respectively, under ultraviolet light. In the present study we standardised a protocol in order to use acridine orange to detect rotavirus ds RNA in polyacrylamide gels and compared it to silver and ...

PURPOSE To investigate the in vitro effect of short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) against Nogo receptor (NgR) on neurite outgrowth under an inhibitory substrate of central nervous system (CNS) myelin. METHODS Three siRNA sequences against NgR were designed and transfected into cerebellar granule cells (CGCs) to screen for the most effcient sequence of NgR siRNA by using reverse transcription poly...

PURPOSE During their differentiation, lens fiber cells elongate, detach from the lens capsule, associate at the sutures, and degrade all cytoplasmic membrane-bound organelles. Changes in the expression or organization of cell adhesion and cytoskeleton-associated proteins were correlated with these events during fiber cell differentiation in chicken embryos. METHODS Fixed or living lenses were...

Desmoplastic small round cell tumor is a very rare malignancy. We report the case of a 26-year-old woman who suffered from dyspepsia and abdominal pain for 2 months. We performed an endoscopic biopsy of the duodenal mass and diagnosed her disease as desmoplastic small round cell tumor using immunohistochemical staining, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and reverse transcriptase polymerase ch...

dental plaque is a well known etiologic factor for gingivitis. recently, herbal extracts are a matter of scientific interest to inhibit plaque accumulation on teeth. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of german chamomile (gc) mouth wash on plaque and gingival indices. twenty five gingivitis patients (15 female and 10 male, mean age 27±7.76 years) participated in this controll...

OBJECTIVE To clarify the role of T cells in kidney pathology of three widely used murine lupus models. MATERIAL AND METHODS Cells infiltrating the glomeruli and perivascular areas in MRL/lpr (n = 10 female), NZB× NZW F1 (B/W F1) (n = 9 female), and BXSB (n = 10 male) mice were captured by laser microdissection (LMD). Samples were subjected to nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reac...

Objective. To investigate the effect of Cordyceps sinensis (CS) on the expressions of NF-κB and TGF-β1 in myocardium of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Methods. A total of 53 healthy male SD rats, mice age of 8 weeks and weight of 220 ± 20 g, were randomly divided into five groups by randomized block design: normal control group (n = 10), diabetic group (n = 10), low dose of CS group (n =...