OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to improve skin permeation of evodiamine and rutaecarpine for transdermal delivery with microemulsion as vehicle and investigate real-time cutaneous absorption of the drugs via in vivo microdialysis. METHODS Pseudoternary phase diagrams were constructed to evaluate microemulsion regions with various surfactants and cosurfactants. Nine formulations of oi...

the aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of nozzle configurations on spray drift and explain the influences using several atomization characteristics (length of spray sheet, spray angle, velocity distribution of flow field, fluctuation of velocity, and droplet size). nozzles manufactured by one company (lechler gmbh, germany) were tested by spraying local tap water in a win...

Curcumin was found to be beneficial in treating several skin pathologies and diseases, providing antioxidant protection due to its reducing properties and its electrophilic properties (the ability to activate the Nrf2 pathway and induce phase II cytoprotective enzymes). Nevertheless, clinical applications of curcumin are being hampered by its insufficient solubility, chemical instability, and p...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to develop new systems for transdermal delivery of paeonol, in particular microemulsion gel and cubic gel formulations. METHODS Various microemulsion vehicles were prepared using isopropyl myristate as an oil phase, polyoxyethylated castor oil (Cremophor(®) EL) as a surfactant, and polyethylene glycol 400 as a cosurfactant. In the optimum microemulsion gel...

correspondence: Qi shen school of Pharmacy, shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan road 800, shanghai 200240, People’s republic of china Tel +86 21 3420 4049 Fax +86 21 3420 4049 email [email protected] Background: The aim of this study was to develop new systems for transdermal delivery of paeonol, in particular microemulsion gel and cubic gel formulations. Methods: Various microemulsion veh...

BACKGROUND A microemulsion propofol causes a high incidence of pain during intravenous injection. In this study, we investigated the effect of ramosetron on pain induced by microemulsion propofol injection. METHODS After prospective power analysis and institutional review board approval, a total of 200 ASA I and II patients undergoing general anesthesia were divided into 4 groups. They receiv...

BACKGROUND The injection pain of microemulsion propofol is frequent and difficult to prevent. This study examined the prevention of pain during microemulsion propofol injection by pretreatment with different doses of remifentanil or saline, and premixing of lidocaine. METHODS One hundred sixty ASA physical status 1-2 adult patients scheduled for elective surgery were enrolled into one of four...

the use of an inorganic phase in water-in-oil (w/o) microemulsion   has   received considerable attention recently for preparing metal oxide   nanoparticles. this is a technique, which allows preparation of ultrafine   metal oxide nanoparticles within the size range 40 to 80 nm. preparation of   nano zno and cr 2 o 3 studied, investigated in the inverse   microemulsion system. therefore the nuc...

Thin hexagonal barium hexaferrite particles synthesized using the microemulsion technique were studied. A water-in-oil reverse microemulsion system with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as a cationic surfactant, n-butanol as a co-surfactant, n-hexanol as a continuous oil phase, and an aqueous phase were used. The microstructural and magnetic properties were investigated. The particles obta...