Blood volume tests made on a number of soldiers recovering from hemorrhage have shown that in many instances dilution of the blood occurs very slowly. The principal reasons for this seem to be (a) an initial lack of reserve fluid of the tissues, and (b) the absence of any subsequent attempt by the body to make up this fluid deficiency. By putting such patients on a large fluid intake by mouth a...

OBJECTIVES This study sought to determine the use of intravenous fluids in the early care of patients with acute decompensated heart failure (HF) who are treated with loop diuretics. BACKGROUND Intravenous fluids are routinely provided to many hospitalized patients. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients admitted with HF to 346 hospitals from 2009 to 2010. We assessed...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW To highlight some of the recent key issues surrounding crystalloid and colloid fluid management of critically ill patients. RECENT FINDINGS Significant developments have been made in the understanding of ionic balance of fluids and their effects on acid-base, the role of hydration and overhydration, alkalinization of fluids in patients at high risk for contrast induced nephr...

This article addresses the issue of reproducing quantitative pressure-drop predictions for constant shear-viscosity fluids in contraction and contraction/expansion flow geometries. Experimental observations on pressure-drop for severe strain hardening Boger fluids reveal significant enhancement above Newtonian fluids in axisymmetric but not planar configurations. This discrepancy has eluded pre...

It has been more than 50 yr since the landmark article in which Holliday and Segar (Pediatrics 1957;19:823-32) proposed the rate and composition of parenteral maintenance fluids for hospitalized children. Much of our practice of fluid administration in the perioperative period is based on this article. The glucose, electrolyte, and intravascular volume requirements of the pediatric surgical pat...

We consider the system of Navier-Stokes equations as a model of the motion of compressible, viscous, “pressureless” fluids in the domain Ω = R+ with the no-slip boundary condition. We construct a global in time regular weak solution, provided that the initial density, ρ0, is bounded and the magnitude of the initial velocity u0 is suitably restricted in the semi-norm ‖ √ ρ0(·)u0(·)‖L2(Ω) + ‖∇u0(...

On Brillouin Scattering in Dense Fluids It has been shown analytically that Mountain 's theory of the spectral distribution of density fluctuations in fluids having an external degree of f reedom (MOUXI) is equivalent to the translational hydrodynamics theory (TH) of Desai and Kapral at liquid state densities where selfdiffusion can be neglected. On the other hand, comparing TH and Mountain's s...

In the present work, an integrated optofluidic chip for fluid viscosity measurements in the range from 1 mPa·s to 100 mPa·s is proposed. The device allows the use of small sample volumes (<1 μL) and the measurement of viscosity as a function of temperature. Thanks to the precise control of the force exerted on dielectric spheres by optical beams, the viscosity of fluids is assessed by comparing...

Recently Groh and Dietrich[1] calculated orientational order transitions for dipolar fluids contained in spheroidal shapes of aspect ratio k. According to their study the thermodynamic state of a dipolar fluid depends on the shape of the fluid's container. For example, a homogeneous fluid in a short fat container would phase separate when transferred to a tall skinny container of identical volu...