A dynamic mathematical model is presented which successfully simulates the respiratory control system of the newborn infant in different physiological conditions. The primary objective in constructing this model has been to provide a simulation aid in the investigation of maturation of the respiratory system, and the respiratory disorders during the newborn period, without the need for invasive...

BACKGROUND Pre-operative administration of benzodiazepines can cause hypoventilation-a decrease in minute ventilation (MV)-commonly referred to as "respiratory compromise or respiratory depression." Respiratory depression can lead to hypercarbia and / or hypoxemia, and may heighten the risk of other respiratory complications. Current anesthesia practice often places patients at risk for respira...

BACKGROUND Because panic attacks can be accompanied by surges in physiologic activation, we tested the hypothesis that panic disorder is characterized by fluctuations of physiologic variables in the absence of external triggers. METHODS Sixteen patients with panic disorder, 15 with generalized anxiety disorder, and 19 normal control subjects were asked to sit quietly for 30 min. Electrodermal...

This notion is true for a perfect elastic body. Because the lungs do not present perfect elastic behavior, the relationship among V, compliance, and P is not linear along all the vital capacity range, as showed by Eq. 1. When the respiratory system is subjected to P, time is needed until V occurs, and the time necessary to inflate 63% of its volume is called the time constant ( ) (3). It descri...

This notion is true for a perfect elastic body. Because the lungs do not present perfect elastic behavior, the relationship among V, compliance, and P is not linear along all the vital capacity range, as showed by Eq. 1. When the respiratory system is subjected to P, time is needed until V occurs, and the time necessary to inflate 63% of its volume is called the time constant ( ) (3). It descri...

This notion is true for a perfect elastic body. Because the lungs do not present perfect elastic behavior, the relationship among V, compliance, and P is not linear along all the vital capacity range, as showed by Eq. 1. When the respiratory system is subjected to P, time is needed until V occurs, and the time necessary to inflate 63% of its volume is called the time constant ( ) (3). It descri...

To investigate the influence of cigarette smoking on exercise capacity, respiratory responses and dynamic changes in lung volume during exercise in patients with type 2 diabetes. Forty-one men with type, 2 diabetes without cardiopulmonary disease were recruited and divided into 28 non-current smokers and 13 current smokers. All subjects received lung function tests and cardiopulmonary exercise ...

BACKGROUND Heart-lung interactions are used to evaluate fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated patients, but these indices may be influenced by ventilatory conditions. The authors evaluated the impact of respiratory rate (RR) on indices of fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated patients, hypothesizing that pulse pressure variation and respiratory variation in aortic flow would...

Loss of lung units due to pneumonectomy stimulates growth of the remaining lung. It is generally believed that regenerative lung growth involves only alveoli but not airways, a dissociated response termed "dysanaptic growth." We examined the structural response of respiratory bronchioles in immature dogs raised to maturity after right pneumonectomy. In another group of adult dogs, we also exami...