strategic programming, complex supply chain, lean, production programming, suppliers selection,   electre this paper represents a model of strategic programming with limited resources in a complex supply chain. the main goal of the proposed model is to increase efficiency and effectiveness of the supply chain with respect to income increases and cost decreases. using special objective functions...

AIMS Cerebellar ataxia is common in patients with mitochondrial disease, and despite previous neuropathological investigations demonstrating vulnerability of the olivocerebellar pathway in patients with mitochondrial disease, the exact neurodegenerative mechanisms are still not clear. We use quantitative quadruple immunofluorescence to enable precise quantification of mitochondrial respiratory ...

Genes encoding PPR (pentatricopeptide repeat)-containing proteins constitute one of the largest gene families in plants. The majority of these proteins are predicted to target organelles and to bind to RNA. Strikingly, there is a dearth of these proteins in mammals, although genomic searches reveal six candidates, all of which are also predicted to target the mitochondrion. Two of these protein...

The mitochondrial respiratory chain represents the major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells and its dysfunction may contribute to the pathogenesis of several diseases. In mitochondria, glutathione is the major redox buffer and is a good indicator for the redox environment of the cell. Indeed, overproduction of ROS decreases the ratio between reduced and oxidized glutathione leadin...

We used electron cryotomography to study the molecular arrangement of large respiratory chain complexes in mitochondria from bovine heart, potato, and three types of fungi. Long rows of ATP synthase dimers were observed in intact mitochondria and cristae membrane fragments of all species that were examined. The dimer rows were found exclusively on tightly curved cristae edges. The distance betw...

Three-dimensional structures of NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (or complex I) from the respiratory chain of mitochondria and bacteria have been recently studied by electron microscopy. The low-resolution structures all reveal a characteristic L shape for complex I; however, some of the differences among these structures may have important implications for the location of the functional elements...

UNLABELLED The proton-translocating NADH:quinone oxidoreductase (complex I) is a multisubunit integral membrane enzyme found in the respiratory chains of both bacteria and eukaryotic organelles. Although much research has focused on the enzyme's central role in the mitochondrial respiratory chain, comparatively little is known about its role in the diverse energetic lifestyles of different bact...