magnetotelluric (mt) method is a passive electromagnetic technique that uses the natural, time varying electric and magnetic field components measured at right angles at the surface of the earth to make inferences about the earth’s electrical structure which, in turn, can be related to the geology tectonics and subsurface conditions. reflection and refraction of electromagnetic (em) signals at ...

We investigate flux flow state in the two-gap superconductor in which two s-wave gaps with different amplitudes exist on two separated Fermi surfaces. The flux flow resistivity is obtained based on the Bardeen-Stephen relation and the result agrees well with anomalous field dependence of the flow resistivity recently observed in the two-gap superconductor MgB2. Some typical properties of the vo...

This numerical study examines the importance of self-consistently accounting for transport and electrostatics in the calculaiton of semiconductor/metal Schottky contact resistivity. It is shown that ignoring such self-consistency results in significant under-estimation of the contact resistivity. An explicit numerical method has also been proposed to efficiently improve contact resistivity calc...

Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) was used to monitor the movement of a fluorinated hydrocarbon dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) through a saturated porous medium within a laboratory column. Impedance measurements were made using a horizontal plane of 12 electrodes positioned at regular intervals around the centre of the column. A 2D inversion algorithm, which incorporated the cylindri...

We used a porcine endotoxemic model of acute lung injury to compare extravascular lung water (EVLW) measured by right transthoracic bioimpedance to postmortem gravimetric EVLW measurements. Adult pigs were randomized into control (N = 5) or endotoxin groups [150 microgram/kg Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide B for 1 hr followed by 3 hr of resuscitation for a thermodilution cardiac output less...

Engineering ceramics have been widely used in modern industry for their excellent physical and mechanical properties, and they are difficult to machine owing to their high hardness and brittleness. Electrical discharge machining (EDM) is the appropriate process for machining engineering ceramics provided they are electrically conducting. However, the electrical resistivity of the popular engine...

During vessel evolution in angiosperms, scalariform perforation plates with many slit-like openings transformed into simple plates with a single circular opening. The transition is hypothesized to have resulted from selection for decreased hydraulic resistance. Previously, additional resistivity of scalariform plates was estimated to be small – generally 10% or less above lumen resistivity – ba...

Six methods have given squid axoplasm resistivities of from 1.0 to 6.9 times seawater (X SW), so another was tried. A 100-mum platinized electrode was to be inserted from each end of an axion in iso-osmotic sucrose and impedance between them measured vs. separation. But observations that the resistance of axons in sucrose increased steadily ruled this out. Axoplasm from two or three axons was t...

We report here pressure dependence of the electrical resistivity of natural kalsilite (K0.998Na0.002Al0.998Fe0.002SiO4) from a granulite facies terrain in southern India. The electrical resistivity of kalsilite was measured with four probe technique up to 7.5 GPa at room temperature. The electrical resistivity decreases continuously with the increase of pressure up to 3.7 GPa, where there is a ...