Multiple access channel (MAC) networks use a broadcasting algorithm called the Binary Exponential Backoff (BEB) to mediate shared communication by competing nodes and resolve their collisions. While BEB achieves fair throughput average packet latency in jamming-free environments relatively small networks, its performance noticeably degrades when network is exposed jamming or size increases. Thi...

The era of the Internet-of-things (IoT) comes with tremendous burdens on pre-existing network infrastructures and protocols due to spectrum scarcity reliability concerns. Cognitive radio (CR) technology is proposed for IoT applications alleviate paradigm. In CR-IoT-based networks, devices/nodes share primary users (PUs). However, in order not interfere PUs communications conform elevating throu...

a resilient soft liner (rsl) has been used in processed complete dentures but controlling its thickness has always been a challenge because of uneven reduction of the denture's intaglio surface. use of a thermoplastic vacuum-formed template and an endodontic k-file, as guides, for the reduction of a processed mandibular complete denture to receive rsl is described in the present report. a proce...