New York City has lost more lives from covid-19 than any other American city. This study examines variation in deaths across neighborhoods as it relates to the racial, ethnic, and nativity-status composition of neighborhoods. topic received little scholarly attention is imperative explore, given absence racial ethnic specific mortality rates by neighborhood. a racially ethnically segregated cit...

The history of community psychology in Italy is briefly reviewed. The field has developed extensively in universities and applied settings over the past 30 years. This issue presents 5 recent examples from different regions of Italy of preventive and other community psychological intervention studies. They include an evaluation of a program to increase the independent mobility of children walki...

It is hypothesized that collective efficacy, defined as social cohesion among neighbors combined with their willingness to intervene on behalf of the common good, is linked to reduced violence. This hypothesis was tested on a 1995 survey of 8782 residents of 343 neighborhoods in Chicago, Illinois. Multilevel analyses showed that a measure of collective efficacy yields a high between-neighborhoo...

While households’ general preference for low-density residential environments is well documented in the literature, little research in geography and urban planning has explicitly investigated how many and which households experience a state of mismatch in terms of land use patterns between their preferred residential neighborhood type and the type of neighborhood where they currently reside. Us...

The gay, lesbian, and queer population is a marginalized group, but its concerns are not marginal to planning. It is a sizable group, heterogeneous (not least in income), and growing in visibility. This article examines the implications for planning practice of the emergence of gay men, lesbians, and related nonconformist groups. Most of the research that is easily applied to planning practice ...

Much research attention has been devoted to community context and health. Communities are often defined as residential spaces, such as neighborhoods, or as social groupings, such as caste in India. Using data from a group of tea estates in South India, we attempt to address important methodological challenges in the identification of neighborhood effects on child health. We find significant nei...

Features of neighborhoods or residential environments may affect health and contribute to social and race/ethnic inequalities in health. The study of neighborhood health effects has grown exponentially over the past 15 years. This chapter summarizes key work in this area with a particular focus on chronic disease outcomes (specifically obesity and related risk factors) and mental health (specif...

The disparate incidence of HIV infection suggests that groups that have been socially or economically marginalized are particularly vulnerable. For Celeste Watkins-Hayes, the interplay between structural factors and individual behaviors in poor neighborhoods, identified by sociologists like William Julius Wilson, play a critical role. Residential segregation, past and current racial discriminat...

A Classification of Residential Neighborhoods (ACORN) and the Registrat General's social class classification were compared on measures of health and service use based on a sample of 5500 primary school children in England. ACORN was shown to differentiate at least as well as social class on the selected outcome measures and to identify small areas with particularly high rates of morbidity. Nev...

OBJECTIVES To examine changes in maternal-child health surrounding the April 2015 civil unrest in Baltimore, Maryland, following Freddie Gray's death while in police custody. METHODS We conducted cross-sectional Children's HealthWatch surveys January 2014 through December 2015 in pediatric emergency departments and primary care clinics on maternal-child health and June 2015 through October 20...