The huge deficiency of electricity due to heavy reliance on imported fuels has become a significant impediment to socio-economic development in Pakistan. This scenario creates an increase in local fuel prices and limits potentials in the establishment of new industrial zones. The current gap between the demand and production of electricity in Pakistan is approximately 5000–8000 MW with a consta...

The increasing demand for energy, limited resources of fossil fuel, as well as pollution of the environment and changes in the global climate have raised more interest about the renewable resources. The use of renewable resources has become a very important partof European Union policy. The aim of the paper was to analyse reed resources in Latvia, its dynamics, volume and quality to produce cle...

This paper focuses on the integration of hybrid renewable energy resources available in remote isolated islands of Sundarban-24 Parganas-South of Eastern part of India to National Grid of conventional power supply to give a Smart-Grid scenario. Before grid-integration, feasibility of optimization of hybrid renewable energy system is monitored through an Intelligent Controller proposed to be ins...

We introduce a multimode resource-constrained project scheduling problem with finish-to-start precedence relations among project activities, considering renewable and nonrenewable resource costs. We assume that renewable resources are rented and are not available in all periods of time of the project. In other words, there is a mandated ready date as well as a due date for each renewable resour...

There is growing interest in renewable energy around the world. Since most renewable sources are intermittent in nature, it is a challenging task to integrate renewable energy resources into the power grid infrastructure. Distribution systems provide standby service during utility outages and when operated during peak load hours, potentially reduce energy costs. This paper presents a grid inter...

INTRODUCTION Today’s electricity generation and transportation depend heavily on fossil fuels. As such, electricity generation and transportation have become two major sources of CO2 emissions leading to global warming. The concerns over environmental pollution and finite fossil fuel resources have spurred great interest in generating cleaner electricity from renewable energy sources such as so...

1 Ecobiomaterial Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia 2 Biology Department, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, P. O. Box: 36, PC 123, Al Khoud, Sultanate of Oman *Corresponding author: Mailing address: School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia; Tel: +60 4-6534367, Fax: +60 4-656512...

With the development of distributed generation resources and the increase of energy generation technologies, the operation of power systems faced with new complexities. Due to the development of smart grids and the use of renewable energy resources, a suitable method for the optimal use of these resources is of great importance. International organizations and institutions are trying to develop...

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