Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor-induced renal failure has been reported in bilateral renal artery stenosis and in stenosis in solitary kidneys, but not in unilateral renal artery stenosis. In these patients, however, a functional impairment of the kidney ipsilateral to the stenosis can often be detected after ACE inhibition by scintigraphic techniques employing glomerular radionuc...

Renal mass reduction is associated with a compromise in renal excretion, and thus dosages of drugs need to be adjusted to avoid adverse reactions and to ensure their effectiveness. A prototypic example is patients who had undergone transplantation due to a variety of causes, including diabetic nephropathy; the latter appears to be the major cause of renal failure requiring hemodialysis and tran...

A 25-year-old woman had total thyroidectomy and iodine-131 ablation therapy for papillary thyroid carcinoma. Whole body imaging on the 7th day of therapeutic activity demonstrated radioiodine uptake in the remnant tissue and intense heterogeneous uptake at the sacral region prominently in the posterior image. Initial interpretation was suspicious for sacral metastasis. Technetium-99m-methylene ...

increased metabolic activity in muscle secondary to excessive muscle activity during the uptake phase and shortly before fdg injection is a known phenomenon. we present fdg pet/ct findings in a young male, known case of carcinoma maxilla his scan showed diffuse increased metabolic activity in multiple skeletal muscle groups. there was history of unaccustomed, strenuous sports activity of skiing...

Background The majority of enhancing renal masses are unable to be effectively characterized as benign or malignant using standard cross-sectional imaging modalities including multi-phase computed tomography (CT) [1] and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) [2]. This is particularly unfortunate in light of the steady increase in the incidence of these lesions, many of which are discovered incidenta...

Plasma concentration, splanchnic and renal exchange, and urinary excretion of 20 amino acids were studied in obese subjects during prolonged (5-6 wk) starvation. Splanchnic amino acid uptake was also investigated in postabsorptive and briefly (36-48 hr) fasted subjects.A transient increase in plasma valine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, and alpha-aminobutyrate was noted during the 1st wk of ...

The aim of the present study was to examine the signaling pathways for a low dose of angiotensin II (ANG II) on Na+ uptake of primary cultured rabbit renal proximal tubule cells (PTCs) in hormonally defined serum-free medium. The results were as follows; ANG II (10(-11) M) stimulated the proliferation of PTCs. 10(-11) M ANG II stimulated Na+ uptake by 20%, whereas 10(-9) M ANG II inhibited it b...

Megalin has previously been shown to bind and mediate endocytosis of transcobalamin (TC)-B(12). However, the physiological significance of this has not been established, and other TC-B(12) binding proteins have been suggested to mediate renal uptake of this vitamin complex. The present study demonstrates by the use of megalin-deficient mice that megalin is, in fact, essential for the normal ren...

In the end-stage renal disease patient, certain uremic compounds could influence the cellular accumulation of aluminum (Al). In this study, we examined the effect of 15 uremic ultrafiltrate fractions obtained by HPLC on the uptake and toxicity of Al in mouse hepatocytes (MH) in culture, a model system in which Al is taken up bound to transferrin (Tf). Uremic fractions 4 to 8, 12, 14, and 15 inc...

According to current concepts, renal ammonia synthesis may be attributed to the renal extraction and catabolism of certain plasma amino acids. In 1943, Van Slyke and associates demonstrated in the dog that the amide nitrogen of glutamine was removed from arterial plasma in quantities sufficient to account for approximately 60 per cent of the urinary ammonia excreted during metabolic acidosis (1...