Key words: arterial hypertension; renal function; failure in 18%, of a series of 500 patients followed until death by this author [7 ]. With the advent of antihyper-proteinuria; microalbuminuria; nephrosclerosis; anti-hypertensive therapy tensive therapy the cardiovascular prognosis of hyper-tensive patients improved dramatically, and renal prognosis has been considered by some authors as excel...

1. Renal sodium excretion is the primary determinant of sodium homeostasis. 2. Changes in sodium concentration in extracellular fluid (ECF) are associated with disorders of water balance. 3. Hypovolemia refers to losses of salt and water from the ECF, whereas dehydration is defined as primarily water loss from ECF. 4. Hypervolemia results when fluid accumulates in the ECF at a higher rate than ...

1. Renal sodium excretion is the primary determinant of sodium homeostasis. 2. Changes in sodium concentration in extracellular fluid (ECF) are associated with disorders of water balance. 3. Hypovolemia refers to losses of salt and water from the ECF, whereas dehydration is defined as primarily water loss from ECF. 4. Hypervolemia results when fluid accumulates in the ECF at a higher rate than ...

This study tested the hypothesis that decreased responsiveness of renal mechanosensitive neurons constitutes an intermediate phenotype in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Decreased responsiveness of these sensory neurons would contribute to increased renal sympathetic nerve activity and sodium retention, characteristic findings in hypertension. A backcross population, developed by mating ...

Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) agonists are widely used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Side effects of drug treatment include both fluid retention and a lowering of blood pressure. Data from animal and human studies suggest that these effects arise, at least in part, from drug-induced changes in the kidney. In order to capitalize on the positive aspect (lower...

OBJECTIVE: Diabetic nephropathy is a major diabetes complication. Arterial resistance index (RI) may predict deterioration in kidney function. This study was designed to compare renal arterial RI in different stages of renal function according to glomerular filtration rate (GFR), serum creatinine level and proteinuria. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a cross-sectional study on 81 diabetic patients i...

Plasma volume (PV) expansion is required for optimal pregnancy outcomes; however, the mechanisms responsible for sodium and water retention in pregnancy remain undefined. This study was designed to test the "arterial underfill hypothesis" of pregnancy which proposes that an enlarged vascular compartment (due to systemic vasodilation and shunting of blood to the placenta) results in renal sodium...

background selenium deficiency is a common problem in patients with chronic kidney disease (ckd). this micronutrient has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects. selenium is also found in high concentrations in the thyroid gland. objectives to determine the effect of selenium supplementation on thyroid function tests and acute phase reactants in hemodialysis patients. patients and methods in...