BACKGROUND The kidney performs numerous specialised functions in an effort to maintain constancy of the internal composition of body fluids. AIM This study was done to ascertain the feasibility of estimating creatinine clearance as an outpatient procedure over a 2 hours period instead of doing the study over a 24 hours period. MATERIAL AND METHODS Eighteen renal donors, Twelve females and S...

1. The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor cilazapril were studied in 30 hypertensive patients with various degrees of renal function. 2. After a single oral dose, apparent cilazaprilat clearance was dependent on renal function being 16.0 +/- 3.0, 11.1 +/- 3.0, 8.7 +/- 3.7 and 6.7 +/- 2.1 l h-1 (means +/- s.d.) in patients with cre...

Allopurinol riboside is an experimental agent for the treatment of leishmaniasis and American trypanosomiasis. Previous studies showed that after oral administration, unexpectedly low levels of allopurinol riboside in plasma are attributable to incomplete absorption and rapid renal clearance. In this randomized, crossover evaluation in healthy volunteers, probenecid reduces the renal clearance ...

1. Renal lithium clearance in healthy men was elevated while the subject was reclining, decreased upon standing and increased upon lying down during 45-60 min tests. 2. Parallel changes in renal clearance of creatinine, sodium and potassium, and urine flow rate occurred in response to the changes in posture. 3. The findings demonstrate for the first time that posture is a factor that can influe...

Plasma creatinine concentration is superior to creatinine clearance for the detection of abnormal glomerular function, of changes of glomerular function in patients with chronic renal disease. Creatinine clearance should be abandoned as the routine assessment of glomerular function.

Moderate reduction in blood pressure by intravenous hexamethonium or pentamethonium was accompanied by a decrease in stroke volume, cardiac output, and left ventricular work, and no change or an increase in peripheral resistance. Renal blood flow, filtration rate, and potassium clearance fell promptly, but returned to the original levels within one to two hours despite continued reduction in bl...

Moderate reduction in blood pressure by intravenous hexamethonium or pentamethonium was accompanied by a decrease in stroke volume, cardiac output, and left ventricular work, and no change or an increase in peripheral resistance. Renal blood flow, filtration rate, and potassium clearance fell promptly, but returned to the original levels within one to two hours despite continued reduction in bl...

Investigation of the genetic basis of hyperuricaemia is a subject of intense interest. However, clinical studies commonly include hyperuricaemic patients without distinguishing between 'over-producers' or 'under-excretors' of urate. The statistical power of studies of genetic polymorphisms of genes encoding renal urate transporters is diluted if 'over-producers' of uric acid are included. We pr...

The presence of mild renal dysfunction is associated with high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality rates in patients with primary hypertension. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this association are currently unknown. We investigated the relation between mild renal dysfunction and subclinical cardiovascular organ damage in 358 never previously treated patients with primary hyperte...

somatostatin-like immunoreactivity (SLI) was assessed simultaneously in an in vivo dog model. The hepatic extraction of this peptide was 29.4+±2.3% and was similar for endogenous and infused exogenous SLI. The renal extraction was 62.3±+5%. The renal clearance of SLI was significantly greater than that of inulin indicating that the peptide is handled by peritubular uptake from postglomerular bl...