Observations on heat-acclimatized men by Asmussen (1) and Williams and colleagues (2) showed no increase in cardiac output above the normal response during exercise in a hot, humid environment. Indeed, Asmussen found decrements in cardiac output below normal responses if moderate work in the heat (32° C, 80% relative humidity) was prolonged from 30 to 60 minutes. No systematic study has been re...

We experimentally investigate the evaporation of very volatile liquid droplets (Novec 7000 Engineered Fluid) in a turbulent spray. Droplets with diameters order few micrometers are produced by spray nozzle and then injected into purpose-built enclosed dodecahedral chamber, where ambient temperature relative humidity chamber carefully controlled. observe water condensation on rapidly evaporating...

This discussion paper is/has been under review for the journal Climate of the Past (CP). Please refer to the corresponding final paper in CP if available. Abstract Located at the transition between the Saharian and Sahelian zones, at the center of one of the largest endoreic basins, the Lake Chad is ideally located to record regional environmental changes that occurred in the past. However, unt...

CONTEXT Athletes running in a hot, humid environment may have an increased risk of heat illness. In the 2004 Olympic Games, American and Australian athletes were provided with ice vests designed to cool their bodies before performance. The vest appeared to be effective in keeping body temperatures down and improving the performance of the marathoners. However, body temperatures have not been re...

[1] Controls on interannual variations in water and energy balances of large river basins (10,000 km and greater) are evaluated in the framework of the semiempirical relation E=P 1⁄4 1⁄21þ ðR=PÞ n 1/n in which and E, P, and R are basin mean values of annual evaporation, precipitation, and surface net radiation, respectively, expressed as equivalent evaporative water flux, overbars denote long-t...

vernacular architecture has always had appropriate answer in conformity with the environment and climate. this paper has considered values of iran vernacular urbanization and architecture in humid and moderate climate looking through sustainability and sustainable development concepts. gorgan city has been studied using laboratory studies and available sources and relying on the content analysi...

A population-based dynamic model of human thermoregulation was expanded with control equations incorporating the individual person's characteristics (body surface area, mass, fat%, maximal O(2) uptake, acclimation). These affect both the passive (heat capacity, insulation) and active systems (sweating and skin blood flow function). Model parameters were estimated from literature data. Other dat...

[1] Numerous studies with general circulation models suggest that tropical deforestation can result in regional-scale climate change; namely, increased air temperature and wind speed and reduced precipitation and relative humidity. To quantify how this climate change should affect fire risk, we used the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) CCM3.2 general circulation model and remote ...

The indoor thermal and humid environment of the solar greenhouse, especially air humidity, is studied by field test psychrometric chart. First, temperature relative radiation in greenhouse were tested tests. According to results, Solar has a great influence on humidity greenhouse. vary dramatically presence radiation. At night, although meets requirements crop growth, close 90%, far higher than...

Mixtures of organic compounds with mineral dust are ubiquitous in the atmosphere, whereas the formation pathways and hygroscopic behavior of these mixtures are not well understood. In this study, in situ DRIFTS, XRD, and a vapor sorption analyzer were used to investigate the heterogeneous reaction of acetic acid on α-Al(2)O(3), MgO, and CaCO(3) particles under both dry and humid conditions whil...