For well over a century, there have been boarding schools for American Indian children. During the last decades, the long history of these boarding schools has increasingly come under the review of historians and social scientists. The reviews making the biggest splash focused on those boarding schools having misguided policies or run by incompetent administrators. But often overlooked in these...

BACKGROUND The throwing motion results in unilateral increases in dominant arm external rotation (ER) range of motion (ROM). Trunk forward tilt at ball release is related to ball velocity. The relationship between lower quarter flexibility and dominant arm ROM is not known. HYPOTHESIS There is a relationship between lower extremity flexibility and dominant arm ER ROM and total rotation ROM. ...

Multivariate analyses offer an explanation of the effects of demographic, socioeconomic, and biological factors on children ever born and child mortality in Pakistan in 1990-91. Data are obtained from the 1990-91 Pakistan Demographic and Fertility Survey. Household durables (10 items) are used as a proxy for economic status. Sex preference is measured as the percentage of females in the hous...

Recent research has called attention to an unexpected rise in death rates among middle-aged, white Americans between 1999 and 2014. The full extent of the phenomenon may be underappreciated, however. If one assumes, based on historical trends, that mortality rates should have declined by 1.8 percent per year, then whites in 2014 had higher-than-expected mortality rates from age 19 to age 65. Fu...

The definition of successful aging and identification of predictors have been extensively reviewed, less attention however, has been given to the role of this condition on mortality. Objective To evaluate the effect of aging status (normal or successful) on mortality in a South Brazilian population-based cohort, adjusted for sociodemographic and clinical variables, and to report the mortality...

Crude mortality rates are lower among U.S. military members than their civilian counterparts; service members must be healthy when they enter service and deaths from illnesses are relatively infrequent. From 1990 through 2011, there were 29,213 deaths of U.S. military members while on active duty (crude overall mortality rate: 71.5 per 100,000 person-years). The most deaths occurred in years wh...

Within demographic research are numerous reports of consistent and significant associations between formal education attainment and a range of health risks such as smoking, drug abuse, accidents, the contraction of many diseases, and health outcomes such as mortality— almost all indicating the same conclusion: More educated individuals are healthier and live longer. The substantial number of st...

Tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) have been shown to afford superior protection against infection, particularly against pathogens that enter via the epithelial surfaces of the body. Although TRM are often concentrated at sites of prior infection, it has been shown that TRM can disseminate throughout the body. We examined the relative effectiveness of global versus targeted CD8+ TRM lodgment ...

During the late fall of 2004, Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services conducted global in-depth reviews of the trading risk management (TRM) practices at 23 leading financial institutions. The reviews entailed detailed interviews and presentations by senior management of the institutions surveyed to Standard and Poor’s. This article provides the findings of that survey and explains the process and m...

Tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) comprise a newly defined subset, which comprises a major component of lymphocyte populations in diverse peripheral tissue sites, including mucosal tissues, barrier surfaces, and in other non-lymphoid and lymphoid sites in humans and mice. Many studies have focused on the role of CD8 TRM in protection; however, there is now accumulating evidence that CD4 TRM ...