Dopaminergic neurons of the ventral tegmental area are implicated in the physiology of reward, and long-lasting changes in their function induced by exposure to psychostimulant drugs are related to the pathophysiology of drug abuse. It is not known, however, whether such changes are accompanied by morphological changes in these neurons. We characterized and labeled cells in slices containing th...

To discriminate between self and non-self surfaces facilitate immune surveillance, the complement system relies on interplay surface-directed activators regulators. The dimeric modulator FHR-1 is hypothesized to competitively remove regulator FH from that strongly fix opsonic C3b molecules—a process known as “deregulation.” C-terminal regions of provide basis this competition. They contain bind...

Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a transcription factor, controls the expression of genes encoding cytoprotective proteins, including antioxidant enzymes that combat oxidative and electrophilic stress to maintain redox homeostasis. However, recent studies demonstrated that, in cancer, aberrant activation of Nrf2 by epigenetic alterations promotes high expression of cytoprotective prot...

Human aging is a multifactorial process. The most prominent effects of aging include visual impairments, particularly age‑related cataracts (ARC). Several studies have reported that oxidative stress and failure of the antioxidant system are the major factors contributing to lens oxidation. The present study focused on the nuclear factor erythroid 2‑related factor 2 (Nrf2)/kelch‑like ECH‑associa...