We present a compact and highly-sensitive fiber-optic refractometer based on a high-Q π-phase-shifted fiber-Bragg-grating (πFBG) that is chemically etched to the core of the fiber. Due to the p phase-shift, a strong πFBG forms a high-Q optical resonator and the reflection spectrum features an extremely narrow notch that can be used for highly sensitivity refractive index measurement. The etched...

Schematic eye models have typically been used to explain the average monochromatic and chromatic imaging properties of the eye. Both monochromatic aberrations and transverse chromatic aberration are known to vary widely across subjects. However, to our knowledge, the ability of schematic eye models to predict these individual variations has not been tested experimentally. We used a spatially re...

A refractive index (RI) sensor based on a novel fiber structure that consists of a single-mode-multimode-single-mode (SMS) fiber structure followed by a fiber Bragg grating was demonstrated. The multimode fiber in the SMS structure excites cladding modes within output single-mode fiber (SMF) and recouple the reflected cladding Bragg wavelength to the input SMF core. By measuring the relative Br...

As a result of the work of Starling' the important part played by the serum proteins in the pathogenesis of oedema has secured recognition. More recently it has been demonstrated that decrease in serum protein is responsible for a reduction in the calcium content of the blood; the reason for this is that a portion of the calcium exists in combination with protein. In the literature numerous fig...

The capacity of honey to break light is used for refractometric determination humidity. In the present work, a manual refractometer was measure total soluble solids (73% - 86%) which are corresponding values refractive indices stated in Chataway’s Table. relationship between solids, water content and index obtained graphics gave equations that could be directly calculate both from its solids. T...

The fermentation process in making cassava tape (Manihot esulenta) worked on the alcohol content. content differed during process. objective of this research was analyzing produced esculenta). data interpretation method experimented research. Three samples were treated with ELF magnetic field exposure involving intensity 200µT 15-minute and 300µT exposure. tools used a thermometer to measure ro...

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect season, production status, stage lactation, and parity on milk yield, composition physico-chemical parameters ghee in forty crossbred cows (CBCs). Milk samples were collected from individual animal during morning both summer (May-August) winter (November-February) season. results revealed that yield significantly influenced by status lactation...