BACKGROUND Recent studies have shown that Gaviscon Double Action Liquid (a combination alginate-antacid) administered post-prandially co-localises with the acid pocket, the 'reservoir' for post-prandial acid reflux. AIM To compare the effectiveness of Gaviscon Double Action Liquid to an equivalent strength antacid without alginate in controlling post-prandial acid reflux in GERD patients. M...

Nocturnal gastro-oesophageal reflux may be important in the pathogenesis of reflux oesophagitis. This study aimed to determine whether: (1) gastro-oesophageal reflux occurs during sleep in patients with reflux oesophagitis and, if so, to explore the mechanism, and (2) the sleep pattern of patients with oesophagitis is different from that of control subjects. After a standard evening meal, simul...

The aim of this study was to compare acid reflux in 16 patients with uncomplicated Barrett's oesophagus with 37 patients with reflux oesophagitis and 10 control subjects of comparable age. All patients had 24 hour ambulatory pH monitoring within one week of endoscopy. The controls differed significantly from the other groups in all indices of reflux but there was no difference between the Barre...

Purpose: This review study pays attention to motive forces that influence the return of venous blood and venous hemodynamics in the lower extremity, deals with the occurrence and hemodynamic consequences of saphenous reflux, assesses the pathogenic significance of calf perforators and femoral and popliteal vein incompetence, and explains the term hemodynamic paradox. Method: Information gained ...

BACKGROUND Endoscopic examination (direct laryngoscopy and bronchoscopy) is the method of choice for diagnosis of respiratory symptoms of unknown cause in children. However, gastroesophageal reflux is being recognized increasingly often as a cause of pediatric respiratory symptoms and is difficult to diagnose on the basis of findings from direct laryngoscopy and bronchoscopy. In cases in which ...

BACKGROUND Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GORD) can cause respiratory disease in children from recurrent aspiration of gastric contents. GORD can be defined in several ways and one of the most common method is presence of reflux oesophagitis. In children with GORD and respiratory disease, airway neutrophilia has been described. However, there are no prospective studies that have examined airw...

AIM To determine associations between enterogastric bile reflux and gastric mucosal pathology. METHOD A retrospective study using fasting gastric juice bile acid measurements and antral or prestomal biopsy specimens from 350 patients, 66 of whom had previously undergone surgery that either bypassed or disrupted the pyloric sphincter. RESULTS Bile reflux was positively associated with reacti...

Background and objectives: Variety of extraction methods coupled with definite solvents could increase the removal rate ofmajor constituents from plants. This research has been conducted to evaluate the effect of extraction methods on the main group of compounds, cytotoxicity, anti acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and antioxidant activity of Trachyspermum ammi fruits. <stro...

Urinary tract infection is a common problem in the pediatric population. The signs and symptoms are nonspecific, particularly in the younger child. The role of vesicoureteral reflux in the pathogenesis of pyelonephritis is incompletely understood. Approximately 40% of patients with upper urinary tract infection have vesicoureteral reflux. Urinary tract infection, unrecognized and inadequately t...

PURPOSE In the endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux, the relatively high rate of success, the simplicity of the procedure, high patient compliance, and a lack of complications has led to the increased development of injection materials and techniques. We report a method of identifying and maintaining a clear visual field during ureteral and bladder submucosal wall injection of a dextra...