Abstract The toxicity of propachlor (PROP) with its chloroacetanilide members is reported. Rapid and sensitive detection PROP critical for ecotoxicity evaluation the removal process. A novel voltammetric sensor developed based on imprinted poly (o-phenylene diamine-co-pyrrole) (o-PD-co-Py) electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ERGO) to detect at a trace level. use ERGO provides high density...

Herbicide losses from agriculture represent potential human health hazards, and are one focus of the Conservation Effects Assessment Project. Since frequent herbicide sampling can be rigorous and expensive, it is desirable to determine expected uncertainties associated with reduced sampling frequencies. Atrazine, simazine, alachlor, acetochlor, metolachlor, and glyphosate were monitored in tile...

Genome editing using sequence-specific nucleases (SSNs) is rapidly being developed for genetic engineering in crop species. The utilization of zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated systems (CRISPR/Cas) for inducing double-strand breaks facilitates targeting of virtua...

in order to study the efficiency of dual-purpose herbicides at different stages of wheat (triticum aestivum), an experiment was conducted at shoushtar in 2012. the experiment was factorial with randomized complete block design arrangement of factors and four replicates. factors were dual-purpose herbicide including apyros (sulfosulfuron), total (metsulfuron methyl+sulfosulfuron), chevalier (iod...

Herbicide resistance is a challenge for modern agriculture further complicated by cases of resistance to multiple herbicides. Conyza bonariensis and Conyza canadensis are invasive weeds of field crops, orchards, and non-cropped areas in many parts of the world. In California, USA, Conyza populations resistant to the herbicides glyphosate and paraquat have recently been described. Although the m...

The purpose of this work was to develop a modified release system for the herbicide ametryn by encapsulating the active substance in biodegradable polymer microparticles produced using the polymers poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) or poly(hydroxybutyrate-valerate) (PHBV), in order to both improve the herbicidal action and reduce environmental toxicity. PHB or PHBV microparticles containing ametryn w...

Twelve field trials were conducted over a three-year period (2010, 2011, 2012) at different locations in southwestern Ontario, Canada to compare various two-pass weed management strategies in glyphosate-resistant corn for crop injury, weed control, environmental impact, corn yield and profit margin. No visible injury resulted from the herbicide treatments evaluated. One early postemergence (EPO...

A uniparentally inherited 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (DCMU)-resistant mutant of Chlamydomonas reinhardii, Dr2, which has a resistance mechanism of the type defined as ;primary,' has been isolated. In vitro Hill reactions catalyzed by isolated thylakoid membranes reveal a reduced apparent affinity of the thylakoids for DCMU. These changes in membrane properties quantitatively accoun...

The identification of herbicide residues on crop foliage is necessary to make crop-management decisions for weed pest control and to monitor pesticide residue levels on food crops. Electronic-nose (e-nose) methods were tested as a cheaper, alternative means of discriminating between herbicide residue types (compared with conventional chromatography methods), by detection of headspace volatiles ...

Abstract The CoAXium ® Production System includes a new herbicide-resistant wheat (AXigen ) that allows for fall and/or spring postemergence (POST) applications of quizalofop-P-ethyl (QPE) control winter annual grass weeds. As area planted with AXigen increases, so will the use QPE herbicide, and this comes an increased chance physical drift, tank contamination, or misapplication to nearby sens...