Cellular redox, maintained by the glutathione (GSH)- and thioredoxin (Trx)-dependent systems, has been implicated in the regulation of a variety of biological processes. The redox state of the GSH system becomes oxidized when cells are induced to differentiate by chemical agents. The aim of this study was to determine the redox state of cellular GSH/glutathione disulfide (GSH/GSSG) and Trx as a...

Transduction of light dependent signals to redox sensitive kinases in photosynthetic membranes modulates energy transfer to the photochemical reaction centres and regulates biogenesis, stability and turnover of thylakoid protein complexes. The occupancy of the quinol-oxidation site of the cytochrome bf complex by plastoquinol and the redox state of protein thiol groups act as elements of the si...

Anaerobes can obtain the entire cell's ATP by glycolysis and remove resulting reducing power by fermentation. There is a delicate balance in redox status to obtain a maximal growth of these cells, and the conditions to change redox fluxes can induce kinds of changes in metabolism. The fundamental knowledge on sensing redox status and coupling redox signals with fermentation pathways is essentia...

A new chemosensor molecule 3 based on a ferrocene-quinoxaline dyad recognizes mercury (II) cations in acetonitrile solution. Upon recognition, an anodic shift of the ferrocene/ferrocenium oxidation peaks and a progressive red-shift (Δλ=140 nm) of the low-energy band, are observed in its absorption spectrum. This change in the absorption spectrum is accompanied by a colour change from orange to ...

Target audience: Research scientists or clinicians who are interested in cancer metabolism, oxidative stress and redox state. Introduction/Purpose: Cellular redox state has been demonstrated as a key player in cellular biology. The disturbed balance of the redox state, such as excessive oxidative stress, can lead to many pathologic changes including cancer, heart diseases, neurodegenerative dis...

The biologically and nanotechnologically important heme protein cytochrome b(562) was reconstructed with zinc and copper porphyrins, leading to significant changes in the spectral, redox and electron transfer properties. The Cu form shifts the redox potential by +300 mV and exhibits high electron transfer, while the Zn form is redox inert.

The Nobel Prize of Physiology or Medicine for 2016 has been awarded to Yoshinori Ohsumi for his discoveries of the mechanisms of autophagy. The phenomenon of autophagy was first observed in the 1950-60s in a series of elegant experiments showing cellular content being captured by lysosomes, degraded and recycled. In the 1980-90s, Yoshinori Ohsumi used powerful yeast genetic approaches to identi...

Geobacter spp. can acquire energy by coupling intracellular oxidation of organic matter with extracellular electron transfer to an anode (an electrode poised at a metabolically oxidizing potential), forming a biofilm extending many cell lengths away from the anode surface. It has been proposed that long-range electron transport in such biofilms occurs through a network of bound redox cofactors,...

BACKGROUND Doxorubicin is one of the most effective anti-cancer drugs but its use is limited by cumulative cardiotoxicity that restricts lifetime dose. Redox damage is one of the most accepted mechanisms of toxicity, but not fully substantiated. Moreover doxorubicin is not an efficient redox cycling compound due to its low redox potential. Here we used genomic and chemical systems approaches in...