Venison is an attractive product for consumers concerned with healthy lifestyle; however, it can contain high levels of toxic elements, and therefore, it is a possible source of hazardous contaminants in human diet. Antlers are suitable bioindicators of environmental metal contamination, and herein, we assessed the ability of trace element levels in antlers to indicate levels in edible soft tis...

Studying female response to variation in single acoustic components has provided important insights into how sexual selection operates on male acoustic signals. However, since vocal signals are typically composed of independent components, it is important to account for possible interactions between the studied parameter and other relevant acoustic features of vocal signals. Here, two key compo...

It is well established that in humans, male voices are disproportionately lower pitched than female voices, and recent studies suggest that this dimorphism in fundamental frequency (F0) results from both intrasexual (male competition) and intersexual (female mate choice) selection for lower pitched voices in men. However, comparative investigations indicate that sexual dimorphism in F0 is not u...

Yeso sika deer is one of the red deer species inhabited Hokkaido and exhibits seasonal molt twice a year. We investigated seasonal variations of morphological and biochemical characteristics of yeso sika deer skin as well as physical, chemical and morphological properties of its vegetable tanned leather. Morphologically, in spring and autumn, which is just active phase of molting cycle, yeso si...

Deer (Cervidae) cause considerable damage to forest plantations, crops, and protected habitats. The most common response to this damage is to implement strategies to lower population densities. However, lowering deer density may not always be desirable from hunting, recreational, or conservation perspectives. Therefore, knowledge is needed about additional factors beyond deer density that affec...

Trophy quality in hunted ungulates northeastern Slovakia (Cetartiodactyla). Based on the data from trophy hunting statistics (1997–2019), this paper describes changes potential economic value evaluation of (PETV) by comparison two groups areas, (1) grounds with wolf protection (since 2014), and (2) without protection. In both areas long-term aspect PETV had an increasing trend roe deer, wild bo...

Interactions between animal behaviour and the environment are both shaping observed habitat use. Despite the importance of inter-specific interactions on the habitat use performed by individuals, most previous analyses have focused on case studies of single species. By focusing on two sympatric populations of large herbivores with contrasting body size, we went one step beyond by studying varia...

Management of ungulates is contested ground that lacks stakeholder agreement on desirable population sizes and management approaches. Unfortunately, we often miss information about extent of local impacts, for example on plant communities, to guide management decisions. Typical vegetation impact assessments like the woody browse index do not assess herbaceous plants, and differences in browse s...