A theory of field induced electron emission from electrolytic conductors is proposed in which an electron associated with an immobile anion at the surface is destabilised as a cation moves into the bulk. This electron may be thermally emitted over a field-lowered barrier. Equations are developed for the potential barrier that must be surmounted by the electron and the form of the current versus...

We show that the sphaleron energy which identifies with the (instanton) potential barrier for B-violation is reduced in the presence (background) of an electroweak Z-string. We also show that for large enough Higgs coupling, λ, the sphaleron energy can go negative. For such λ, electroweak Z-strings can reduce their energy by accumulating sphaleron bound states. This further endows them with bar...

This study was conducted to establish guidelines for monitoring bulk tank milk somatic cell count and bacterial counts, and to understand the relationship between different bacterial groups that occur in bulk tank milk. One hundred twenty-six dairy farms in 14 counties of Pennsylvania participated, each providing one bulk tank milk sample every 15 d for 2 mo. The 4 bulk tank milk samples from e...

Osteoclasts are the principle bone-resorbing cells. Precise control of balanced osteoclast activity is indispensable for bone homeostasis. Osteoclast activation mediated by RANK-TRAF6 axis has been clearly identified. However, a negative regulation-machinery in osteoclast remains unclear. TRAF family member-associated NF-κB activator (TANK) is induced by about 10 folds during osteoclastogenesis...

The crashworthiness of helicopter fuel tank is vital to the survivability of the passengers and structures. In order to understand and improve the crashworthiness of the soft fuel tank of helicopter during the crash, this paper investigated the dynamic behavior of the nylon woven fabric composite fuel tank striking on the ground. A fluid-structure interaction finite element model of the fuel ta...

Abstract Shallow-water sloshing motions in a three-dimensional rectangular tank are investigated. The Boussinesq-type equations terms of velocity potential and the finite-difference scheme applied for solutions numerical model. Through linking rate decay wave amplitudes to energy dissipation due friction at walls, linear damping term is proposed added into free surface boundary condition. Takin...