In this paper we introduce R-right (left), L-left (right) cancellative and weakly R(L)-cancellative semigroups and will give some equivalent conditions for completely simple semigroups, (completely) regular right (left) cancellative semigroups, right (left) groups, rectangular groups, rectangular bands, groups and right (left) zero semigroups according to R-right (left), L-left (right) and weak...

This paper presents a computational study of the combined effects variable geometry and asymmetry in legs thermocouples thermoelectric modules used solar generators (STEGs). Six different models were considered for each module, namely: rectangular-rectangular legs, rectangular-trapezoidal rectangular-X trapezoidal-trapezoidal trapezoidal-X X-X legs. Simulations six under same heat flux was carr...

In this paper, we propose a novel sensor structure based on the rectangular ring resonator with the photonic crystal microcavity (PCM), and optimize the structure using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. This sensor consists of the rectangular resonator with total internal reflection mirror and the PCM, which can be placed at the nearby optical waveguide of the rectangular ring resona...

The perception of stimuli with ramped envelopes (gradual attack and abrupt decay) and damped envelopes (abrupt attack and gradual decay) was studied in subjective and objective tasks. Magnitude estimation (ME) of perceived duration was measured for broadband noise, 1.0-kHz, and 8.0-kHz tones for durations between 10 and 200 ms. Damped sounds were judged to be shorter than ramped sounds. Matchin...

A spacing experiment using a Scotch plaid systematic design was established to investigate a wide range of square and rectangular spacings on the growth and branching habit of Eucalyptus nitens (Deane et Maiden). The Scotch plaid covered stockings ranging from 278 to 2500 stems per hectare (SPH). Spacings used ranged from a rectangularity of 1, for square spacing, to 3, with a spacing of 6 m 2 ...

In order to study control problems for hybrid systems, we generalize hybrid automata to hybrid games |say, controller vs. plant. If we specify the continuous dynamics by constant lower and upper bounds, we obtain rectangular games. We show that for rectangular games with objectives expressed in Ltl (linear temporal logic), the winning states for each player can be computed, and winning strategi...

A binary matrix can be scanned by moving a fixed rectangular window (submatrix) across it, rather like examining it closely under a microscope. With each viewing, a convenient measurement is the number of 1s visible in the window, which might be thought of as the luminosity of the window. The rectangular scan of the binary matrix is then the collection of these luminosities presented in matrix ...

This paper covers two aspects of Microstrip antenna designs. The first is the analysis and design of single element rectangular Microstrip antenna which operates at the centre frequency of 2. 4 GHz. The second aspect is the design of dual band rectangular microstrip antenna which operates at 2. 4 GHz and 3. 6 GHz used in 802. 11b/g/n and 802. 11y WLAN channels respectively. Both antennas are mo...

National Sun Yat-sen University, Taiwan; email: [email protected] FUZZY NOISE REMOVAL AND EDGE DETECTION ON HEXAGONAL IMAGE Kazi Mostafa*, John Y. Chiang**, Wei-cheng Tsai*, and Innchyn Her* Abstract Traditionally images are digitized, processed and displayed in a rectangular grid. But rectangular grid has many inherent ambiguities such as continuity, inter-pixel distance, etc. These ambi...

270 Abstract— A single layer, single feed compact rectangular antenna is proposed. Resonant frequency has been reduced drastically by cutting unequal rectangular slots at the edge of the patch & a circle in the middle. The width of the rectangular slots is different to improve the gain bandwidth performance of the antenna. The antenna size has been reduced by 41.8% when compared to a convention...