Worldwide there are approximately 1.4 million per­ sons with vertebral compression fractures.1 In the United States, there are approximately 750,000; only one third receive treatment.2 Prevalence es­ timates are imprecise because of heterogeneity in how vertebral fracture is defined.3 Annualized di­ rect care expenditures for osteoporotic fractures in the United States were estimated to range f...

The nonlocal nonlinear Schrodinger equation is used to analyze the superfluid flow around an impurity. The differences ̈ between the processes of vortex nucleation and roton creation are elucidated. It is argued that vortices are nucleated when the velocity around the ion exceeds the velocity of sound. q 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. PACS: 67.40.Vs; 67.55; 02.60; 05.45.-a A hal...

16 Green fluorescent protein (GFP) is commonly used as a reporter protein in a wide range of biological experiments. The efficient protocol of Agrobacterium mediated transient expres sion in Nicotiana excelsior was applied for quick preparative production of recombinant GFP. The protein purification scheme has been developed and included ammonium sulfate precipitation and Q sepharose anion exch...

MRI myocardial tagging offers a tremendous opportunity to quantitatively, serially and noninvasively examine the intramyocardial motion and deformation [l-51. The ideal presaturation or tagging stripe should be of rectangular intensity profile and controllable width with respect to the distance between adjacent stripes. Here we propose a sinc modulated RF pulse train that offers sharper-edged t...

Language comprehension is an exceedingly complex process which requires the extensive use of many di f ferent kinds of information in order to be successfully accomplished. One potent ial ly very important type of information which has to date been largely ignored is the degree to which possible interpretations are sensible. While the sensibleness of candidate interpretations has long been reco...

Binary constraint sat is fact ion problems involve f ind ing values for variables subject to constraints between pairs of variables. A lgo r i t hms that take advantage of the st ructure of constra int connections can be more efficient than simple backtrack search. Some pairs of variables may have no direct constraint between them, even if they are l inked ind i rect ly th rough a chain of cons...

Sodium currents were recorded in cell-attached and inside-out patches from the innervated membrane of Electrophorus electrocytes. Electrocytes from Sachs and main electric organs were prepared as described by Pasquale et al. (1986.J. Membr. Biol. 93:195.). Maximal currents in the Sachs organ, measured with 1-2-p.m diameter patch pipettes and at room temperature, were in the range of 20 to 300 p...

Rates of oxidation of aldoses with bromine have bee n reappraised and inte rpreted in th e light of present concepts of conformation and reaction mechanism. It is suggested that differences in t he rates of ox idation of the a and /3 anomers are largely determin ed by differences in the free energy req uired by the reactants for passing from the ground state to the com plex in the transition st...

Objectives: The aim of the present in vitro study was the evaluation of a CPP–ACP paste (Tooth Mousse) on preventing dental erosion produced by a soft drink (Coca Cola), using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Methods: Thirty extracted human central incisors free of caries were selected and divided in a treatment and a control half. The treatment halves were divided in three groups—group 1: demine...

Selection for oat cultivars with lower lipase activity may be important for other purposes. Lipase may have Oat (Avena sativa L.) is a potentially economically viable source a role in the initiation of oxidative rancidity by some of lipase, an enzyme used in foods, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals, which occurs on the surface of oat caryopses (groats). The objectives lipoxygenases that cause off-...