Episode grouper software offers a potential framework for developing important components of a pay-for-performance system for healthcare providers. If the costs for treating health conditions can be computed, then policymakers can in principle benchmark different providers' cost distributions and reward the most efficient. This article applies two of the most prominent commercial groupers and e...

The National Board for Professional Teaching Standards (NBPTS) was established to develop and administer a voluntary system of advanced professional certification to recognize highly accomplished K–12 teachers. The standards guiding task development were developed by committees of teachers and scholars. To obtain the NBPTS certificate, teachers prepare an extensive portfolio demonstrating their...

Stock Price Informativeness, Cross-Listings and Investment Decisions We show that a cross-listing allows a …rm to make better investment decisions because it enhances stock price informativeness. This theory of cross-listings yield several predictions. In particular, it implies that the sensitivity of investment to stock prices should be larger for cross-listed …rms. Moreover, the increase in v...

This paper investigates the e¤ect of country-level …nancial development on the formation of corporate groups. Since cross-country regressions are hard to interpret in a causal sense, we use exogenous industry measures to investigate a speci…c channel through which …nancial development may a¤ect group a¢ liation: internal capital markets. Using a comprehensive …rm-level dataset on European corpo...

During a predation event a juvenile grouper, rock hind Epinephelus adscensionis, fed upon the redlip blenny Ophioblennius trinitatis. It is important to highlight that both individuals had pretty much the same size during the predation event (around 5 cm); however, the grouper ingested the whole prey.